This is the postprint of a paper published as: Verstrynge, E., Wevers, M., Ghiassi, B., Lourenço, P. (2016 ABSTRACT: Different types of strengthening systems, based on fiber reinforced materials, are under investigation for external strengthening of historic masonry structures. A full characterization of the bond behavior and of the short-and long-term failure mechanisms is crucial to ensure effective design, compatibility with the historic substrate and durability of the strengthening solution. Therein, nondestructive techniques are essential for bond characterization, durability assessment and on-site condition monitoring. In this paper, the Acoustic Emission (AE) technique is evaluated for debonding characterization and localization on Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP)-and Steel Reinforced Grout (SRG)-strengthened clay bricks. Both types of strengthening systems are subjected to accelerated ageing tests under thermal cycles and to single-lap shear bond tests. During the reported experimental campaign, AE data from the accelerated ageing tests demonstrated the thermal incompatibility between brick and epoxy-bonded FRP composites and debonding damage was successfully detected, characterized and located. In addition, a qualitative comparison is made with digital image correlation and infrared thermography, in view of efficient on-site debonding detection.