Acoustic Emission Caused by Structural Changes in Amorphous Ni-P Alloy

Abstract

We present measurements of the electrical resistivity ρ(T ) on high-quality single-crystalline CeNiSn under both hydrostatic pressure up to 1 GPa and uniaxial pressure up to 0.25 GPa. At ambient pressure, ρ(T ) along the orthorhombic a-axis (b-axis) shows two maxima at T L = 12 K (14 K) and T H = 74 K (40 K), respectively, which arise from the Kondo scattering of conduction electrons by the crystal-field ground state and excited states. With increasing hydrostatic pressure, both T L and T H increase linearly, and for P 0.8 GPa, the anisotropy in ρ(T ) for I a and I b almost vanishes as a result of increased hybridization between the 4f electrons and the conduction electrons. Under P a, both T L and T H in ρ(I b) increase similarly to under hydrostatic pressure. Under P c, however, the depression of T L in ρ(I a) and ρ (I b) suggests that the c-f hybridization in the crystal-field ground state is weakened in the a-b plane of CeNiSn.

Deep-Focus Earthquakes and Recycling of Water into the Earth's Mantle

“…That is, they are produced by the atomic motions on the scale of the unit cell (-lo-'' m) as lizardite transforms to a glass. Notably, acoustic emissions are also observed upon recrystallization of glasses (that is, the reverse of our experiments); however, the origin of these events is not well understood (31).…”

Process of Structural Transformation of Electrodeposited Amorphous Ni‐P Alloy by Heating

“…In this manner, area ratios of the amorphous portion and three types of crystalline patterns of the sample film heated at various temperatures were measured. The thickness of the sample film was significantly smaller than the size of each crystalline pattern and the change in density caused by crystallization of the sample film was so small as to be negligible (11 ). Therefore, the existence ratio of the respective crystalline patterns in the sample film can be represented by their area ratio measured.…”

“…On the deposit reaction of electro-or electroless deposited amorphous Ni-P alloy (hereafter referred to as a-Ni-P) and the properties of deposited film caused by deposit conditions, a number of studies have been reported (5-8). Studies have been performed also on the transformation of a-Ni-P by heating and a change in properties accompanying the transformation, using such methods as x-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, thermal analyses including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and others (5,6,(9)(10)(11).The results of these studies show that a-Ni-P crystallizes by heating and various Ni=Py crystals (x and y represent atomic composition ratio) and Ni grow (5,6,9,12).Nevertheless, there has been no report on quantitative measurements of the existence ratios of the crystals in the process of electrodeposited a-Ni-P transformation by heattreatment at a constant rate of heating, as functions of temperature. We heated electrodeposited a-Ni-P sample films to various temperatures at a constant rate of heating, etched them, and observed with an optical microscope three kinds of characteristic crystalline patterns which grew or disappeared as the temperature changed.…”

“…On the deposit reaction of electro-or electroless deposited amorphous Ni-P alloy (hereafter referred to as a-Ni-P) and the properties of deposited film caused by deposit conditions, a number of studies have been reported (5)(6)(7)(8). Studies have been performed also on the transformation of a-Ni-P by heating and a change in properties accompanying the transformation, using such methods as x-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, thermal analyses including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and others (5,6,(9)(10)(11).…”