Acoustic cavitation and its chemical consequences

Suslick, Kenneth S.; Didenko, Yuri T.; Fang, Ming; Hyeon, Taeghwan; Kolbeck, Kenneth J.; McNamara, William B.; Mdleleni, Millan M.; Wong, M.

doi:10.1098/rsta.1999.0330

Cited by 656 publications

(277 citation statements)

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“…Therefore one should consider that bubble collapse caused by cavity produces hot spots and increased pressure for brief periods. Such hot spots are the source of sonochemical reactions (Suslick et al 1999a;Suslick et al 1999b). It has been established that, in aqueous solutions submitted to sonication, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals are generated as a consequence of transient cavitation; their occurrence was proved experimentally in water sonicated by "spin trapping" technique (Riesz et al 1985).…”

Section: Ultrasound Assisted Thawing Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of thawing assisted by low-intensity ultrasound on technological properties of pork Longissimus dorsi muscle

Gambuteanu

Alexe

2013

J Food Sci Technol

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The objective of the present study was to analyses technological and textural properties of pork thawed by low intensity ultrasound compared to meat thawed conventionally in air (control) or by immersion in water. The pork thawing was done by means of a generator of constant frequency, with adjusting ultrasound intensity, coupled with a transducer plate and a water bath. The frequency of 25 kHz and the intensity of 0.6 W/cm 2 allowed reducing by 87 % the time required for thawing from −5°C to −1°C as well as the overall thawing time as compared to thawing in air. Using intensity of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 W/cm 2 thawing rates were 0.62, 0.73, 1°C/min, versus 0.16°C/min in the control. The textural and technological properties of meat thawed by ultrasound are not impaired by the significant lowering of thawing time; there were no large mass loss or modification of meat ultrastructure as compared to control.

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Section: Ultrasound Assisted Thawing Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of thawing assisted by low-intensity ultrasound on technological properties of pork Longissimus dorsi muscle

Gambuteanu

Alexe

2013

J Food Sci Technol

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“…The chemical effect associated with ultrasound is usually due to acoustic cavitation and formed numerous free radicals. 79,87 Nevertheless, Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7 did not dissolve in HNO 3 in the ultrasonic field, indicating that the cavitation and formed free radicals have no effect on dissolving Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7 in HNO 3 .The dissolution rate has been found to increase considerably with increase in temperature, and the relationship is, in principle, governed by the empirical Arrhenius equation. …”

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confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

Neri Final Technical Report, De-Fc07-O5id14647, Optimization of Oxide Compounds for Advanced Inert Matrix Materials

Nino¹

2009

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The following is a technical report summarizing all the procedures, experiments, simulations and technical findings of this NERI project. For additional information, details or technical questions regarding this project, please contact jnino@mse.ufl.edu MgO and NDZ......................................................................69 8.4. Grain Size Dependence of MgO and NDZ Polycrystal Thermal Conductivity75 8.5 2009 Composite Processing and Characterization IntroductionIn order to reduce the current excesses of plutonium (both weapon grade and reactor grade) and other transuranium elements, a concept of inert matrix fuel (IMF) has been proposed for an uranium free transmutation of fissile actinides which excludes continuous uranium-plutonium conversion in thermal reactors and advanced systems. 1,2 Magnesium oxide (MgO) is a promising candidate for inert matrix (IM) materials due to its high melting point (2827 °C) 2 , high thermal conductivity (13 W/K·m at 1000 °C) 2 , good neutronic properties, and irradiation stability 3,4 However, MgO reacts with water and hydrates easily, which prevents it from being used in light water reactors (LWRs) as an IM. To improve the hydration resistance of MgO-based inert matrix materials, Medvedev 5 and coworkers have recently investigated the introduction of a secondary phase that acts as a hydration barrier. An MgO-ZrO 2 composite was specifically studied and the results showed that the composite exhibited improved hydration resistance than pure MgO. However, ZrO 2 is insoluble in most acids except HF, which is undesirable for fuel reprocessing. Moreover, the thermal conductivity of ZrO 2 is low and typically less than 3 W·m at 1000 °C. 6 In search for an alternative composite strategy, Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7 , an oxide compound with pyrochlore structure, has been proposed recently as a corrosion resistant phase, and MgO-Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7 composites have been investigated as potential IM materials. at 1000 °C for the MgO-Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7 composite with 90 vol% MgO was recently calculated and reported. 8,9 Other simulations proposed that the MgO-pyrochlore composites could exhibit higher radiation stability than previously reported. 10 Final optimization of the composite microstructure was performed on the 70 vol% MgONd 2 Zr 2 O 7 composite that burnup calculations had shown to have the closest profile to that of MOX fuel. Theoretical calculations also indicated that a homogeneous 70 vol% MgO composite could achieve the desired microstructure that would result in satisfying the dual requirements of good thermal properties. Experimental Procedures Composite Synthesis Solid State Synthesis of Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7Stoichiometric ratios of Nd 2 O 3 (Alfa Aesar 99.9%) and ZrO 2 (99.7%) were added to spherical 3 mm and 10 mm yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) milling media in a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) ball mill jar with 100 ml of deionized water and 3 ml of ammonium polyacrylate dispersant (20 vol% Darvan 821A in deionized water). The slurry was milled for 24 hours on the ball mill at 85 rpm ...

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“…These differences are evident in the emission profile and spectra produced from both types of SL. The spectra collected from MBSL contain many peaks and features, whereas the spectra emanating from SBSL are normally featureless (Suslick et al, 1999;Suslick & Flannigan, 2008). The effect of power and frequency on bubble-size distributions of MBSL in acoustic cavitation has been studied previously using pulsed ultrasound (Brotchie et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonoluminescence and sonochemiluminescence from a microreactor

Rivas

Ashokkumar

Leong

et al. 2012

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Micromachined pits on a substrate can be used to nucleate and stabilize microbubbles in a liquid exposed to an ultrasonic field. Under suitable conditions, the collapse of these bubbles can result in light emission (sonoluminescence, SL). Hydroxyl radicals (OH . ) generated during bubble collapse can react with luminol to produce light (sonochemiluminescence, SCL). SL and SCL intensities were recorded for several regimes related to the pressure amplitude (low and high acoustic power levels) at a given ultrasonic frequency (200 kHz) for pure water, and aqueous luminol and propanol solutions. Various arrangements of pits were studied, with the number of pits ranging from no pits (comparable to a classic ultrasound reactor), to three-pits. Where there was more than one pit present, in the high pressure regime the ejected microbubbles combined into linear (two-pits) or triangular (three-pits) bubble clouds (streamers). In all situations where a pit was present on the substrate, the SL was intensified and increased with the number of pits at both low and high power levels. For imaging SL emitting regions, Argon (Ar) saturated water was used under similar conditions. SL emission from aqueous propanol solution (50 mM) provided evidence of transient bubble cavitation. Solutions containing 0.1 mM luminol were also used to demonstrate the radical production by attaining the SCL emission regions.

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Acoustic cavitation and its chemical consequences

Cited by 656 publications

References 50 publications

Comparison of thawing assisted by low-intensity ultrasound on technological properties of pork Longissimus dorsi muscle

Comparison of thawing assisted by low-intensity ultrasound on technological properties of pork Longissimus dorsi muscle

Neri Final Technical Report, De-Fc07-O5id14647, Optimization of Oxide Compounds for Advanced Inert Matrix Materials

Sonoluminescence and sonochemiluminescence from a microreactor

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