Aconitum pendulum and Aconitum flavum: A narrative review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, bioactivities and processing methods

Li, Congying; Zhou, Zhen; Xu, Tong; Wang, Naiyu; Tang, Ce; Tan, Xiaoyan; Feng, Zige; Zhang, Yi; Liu, Yue

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.115216

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Second, the toxicity of aconitine can be effectively reduced by decocting and/or boiling Aconitum medicinal herbs at a reasonable time and temperature. In this process, the tempestuously toxic diester-diterpenoid alkaloids are unstable and can be easily hydrolyzed into relatively less toxic monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids, and non-toxic non-esterified diterpene alkaloids ( Li et al, 2022 ). In detail, aconitine can be hydrolyzed into benzoylaconine by removal of an acetyl group at the C-8 site via vanishing one molecule of acetic acid, followed by obtaining aconine by removal of a benzoyl group at the C-14 site via vanishing one molecule of benzoic acid at 100°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, it has been widely accepted and approved that the orderly preparing process with other Chinese herbs, such as Hezi ( Terminalia chebula Retz. ) decoction, can miraculously reduce aconitine levels in Aconitum herbals ( Li et al, 2022 ). For instance, the cardiotoxicity of Caowu ( Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix ) was almost counteracted by soaking with Hezi decoction, evidenced by lessened ROS, LDH, and release of Ca 2+ , the increased mitochondrial membrane potential, the improved nuclear morphology, and the activity of Na + -K + -ATPase in H9c2 cells ( Zhang et al, 2017 ; Han et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Updated Meta-Analysis Based on the Preclinical Evidence of Mechanism of Aconitine-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Jiang

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Most Aconitum species in traditional Chinese medicine have the effect of dispelling wind, dehumidifying, warming the meridian, and relieving pain. Aconitine is the characteristic chemical component with the function of anti-inflammation, analgesic, and heart-strengthening effects. However, improper use will produce cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Currently, the mechanisms of cardiotoxicity caused by aconitine are wheels within wheels without being fully disclosed. The systematic review and meta-analysis were therefore conducted to summarize the available evidence of myocardial toxicity caused by aconitine.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, National Knowledge Infrastructure, WANFANG, and VIP information database for relevant preclinical studies. All the data were analyzed by RevMan version 5.3.Results: Thirty-two studies met the final inclusion criteria, including both in vivo and in vitro study types. After aconitine treatment, the heart rate of animals was obviously abnormal, and the morphology and function of myocardial cells were significantly changed. Aconitine can induce changes in the electrophysiological activity of cardiac myocytes by regulating Na+, Ca2+, and K+ currents. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of cardiotoxicity of aconitine may be related to triggering mitochondrial dysfunction by inducing mitochondrial apoptosis and autophagy. It should not be ignored that the overactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome also exacerbates aconitine’s cardiotoxicity.Conclusion: The altered ion channels and mitochondrial function, as well as the signaling pathways interacting with NLRP3, may deserve further study for aconitine-induced cardiotoxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Updated Meta-Analysis Based on the Preclinical Evidence of Mechanism of Aconitine-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Jiang

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…In addition, there are a total of 44 kinds of Tibetan medicine prescriptions for anti-rheumatism recorded in the “Treasure House of Tibetan Medicine Prescriptions” and “Tibetan Medicine Standards.” By reviewing modern pieces of literature, perhaps because of the complex formulations and diverse components of Tibetan medicinal prescriptions, we found only four prescriptions with modern pharmacological research on RA. These are Ershiwuwei Lvxue Pill, Shiwei Ruxiang Powder, Shibawei Dangshen Pills, and Twenty-Five Wei’er Tea Pills ( Ding and Zhang, 2017 ; Zhu et al, 2017 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Li C. Y. et al, 2022 ). Detailed information of these prescriptions is given in Supplementary Tables S1, S2 .…”

Section: Ttms With Anti-ra Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Tibetan medicine: therapeutic potential in rheumatoid arthritis

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a severe inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by the failed spontaneous resolution of inflammation. The induction of immune regulation and resolution of inflammatory pathways are effective in alleviating inflammation in RA. As the oldest medical system in the world, traditional Tibetan medicine (TTM) has a long history of preventing and treating RA. This review provides a comprehensive overview of medicinal plants with anti-RA activity in the TTM system, using classic books of Tibetan medicine, modern research literature, and drug standards. A total of 27 species have been found to be effective in treating RA, including Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr., Terminalia chehula Retz., P. hookeri (C. B. Clarke) Hock.), and Aconitum pendulum Busch. Alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and terpenoids have turned out to be the major bioactive components for RA treatment. The inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by mediating the NF-κB, MAPK, and JAK/STAT pathways is the core mechanism in RA treatment. In conclusion, this review provides key information and research perspectives for further research on the anti-RA effects of TTM.

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“…Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi in Chinese, ALRP), the processed daughter roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx., is a commonly used toxic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with a variety of pharmacological activities including anticardiovascular diseases, antihyperlipidemic, antineoplastic, anti-inflammation, cardiotonic, diuretic action, and immunity enhancement. − The aconitum alkaloids in ALRP, mainly including diester-diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs), monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids (MAs), and unesterified-diterpenoid alkaloids (UAs), share a common C 19 norditerpenoid skeleton and are considered to act as both bioactive and toxic constituents …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1−5 The aconitum alkaloids in ALRP, mainly including diester-diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs), monoesterditerpenoid alkaloids (MAs), and unesterified-diterpenoid alkaloids (UAs), share a common C 19 norditerpenoid skeleton and are considered to act as both bioactive and toxic constituents. 6 According to the TCM theory and practice, crude ALRP must be processed by soaking, heating, steaming, or decoction to reduce toxicity. During these pretreatment processes, the main toxic DAs, aconitine (Aco), mesaconitine (Mes), and hypaconitine (Hyp) degrade into less toxic but still bioactive MAs [benzoylaconitine (B-Aco), benzoylmesaconitine (B-Mes), benzoylhypaconitine (B-Hyp)] by deacetylating at C 8 (Figure S1: the schematic diagram of DAs hydrolyzing into MAs and UAs), 7 and the toxicity of ALRP is decreased to 1/ 50−1/200 times than its original level.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Eutectic Solvents in the Efficient Detoxification and Extraction of Alkaloids of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata

Jiang

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The conversion of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs) into monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids (MAs) is an effective method to reduce the toxicity of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi in Chinese, ALRP), a popular traditional Chinese medicine. In the present study, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were first utilized to simultaneously detoxify ALRP and extract aconitum alkaloids by gas bath thermostatic oscillator-assisted extraction. The effects of extraction parameters, including the extraction time, water content of DESs, temperature, liquid/solid ratio, and pH, on the extraction of MAs were evaluated by single-factor experiments, and the optimal condition was further optimized using response surface methodology. The results indicated that betaine-urea (Bet-Ure, 1:2 mol/mol) was the most appropriate DES to hydrolyze highly toxic DAs into less toxic MAs and improve the extraction efficiency of aconitum alkaloids in one step. The detoxification mechanism study showed that alkaline DESs had an excellent efficiency for DA hydrolysis and MA extraction, and the MA-extraction efficiency enhanced with the increase in pH. Compared with the conventional extraction, the newly developed detoxification process maximized the hydrolysis of DAs and exhibited a higher MA-extraction efficiency (1.913 mg/g vs 0.155 mg/g). The DES-based method offered an ecofriendly, simple, and feasible detoxication strategy for ensuring the safe and effective use of ALRP.

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Aconitum pendulum and Aconitum flavum: A narrative review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, bioactivities and processing methods

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

An Updated Meta-Analysis Based on the Preclinical Evidence of Mechanism of Aconitine-Induced Cardiotoxicity

An Updated Meta-Analysis Based on the Preclinical Evidence of Mechanism of Aconitine-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Traditional Tibetan medicine: therapeutic potential in rheumatoid arthritis

Deep Eutectic Solvents in the Efficient Detoxification and Extraction of Alkaloids of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata

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