ACOG Practice Bulletin 189: Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy

<p>Risk Factors of Prolonged Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy</p>

“…Women of greater gestational age were associated with a lower incidence of NVP in this study, which is consistent with previous information that gestational age affects NVP. 2 Compared with employed women, housewives were also at increased risk of both prolonged moderate and severe NVP, which is consistent with several studies in which unemployment is identified as a risk factor of NVP. 13,23 However, whether employment status is a true risk factor for NVP remains unclear, because women may stop work because of their symptoms.…”

“…In this study, the NVP was divided into mild NVP (3 to 6), moderate NVP (7 to 12), and severe NVP (13 to 15), according to the recommendation of the PUQE scale. 2 Thus, the NVP was divided into prolonged mild NVP, prolonged moderate NVP, and prolonged severe NVP. The onset time of NVP was according to self-reporting and the first obstetrical outpatient visit record.…”

“…Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) 1 are common symptoms, with rates of prevalence from 50% to 90%. 2 The symptoms of NVP usually start at 5 to 6 gestational weeks, peak at 8 to 9 weeks, and alleviate after 16 to 20 weeks. 3 Although most women with NVP have symptoms limited to the first trimester, in 15% to 20% of women, the symptoms continue until late pregnancy, and in 5% of cases, they persist throughout the pregnancy.…”

“…3 Although most women with NVP have symptoms limited to the first trimester, in 15% to 20% of women, the symptoms continue until late pregnancy, and in 5% of cases, they persist throughout the pregnancy. 2 Among women with severe symptoms, 76% reported that they considered never getting pregnant again; 84% reported that NVP had major adverse effects on their ability to care for their children; and 43% reported major effects on the relationship with their partner, reflecting substantial effects on the functioning of family life. 4 Moreover, women with prolonged nausea in pregnancy have an increased risk of depressive symptoms postpartum, 5 and those with severe NVP show a higher risk of lower birth weight.…”

“…Most cases of NVP alleviate and are self-limited after 20 weeks. 2 Therefore, the NVP cases that persist beyond 20 weeks (defined as prolonged NVP) and that score above mild NVP should receive more attention, because prolonged NVP is a significant risk factor for bad delivery outcomes. 5,20 However, there is a lack of studies regarding risk factors of prolonged NVP.…”