Acknowledging Rural Disadvantage in Mental Health: Views of Peer Workers

Byrne, Louise; Happell, Brenda; Reid‐Searl, Kerry

doi:10.1111/ppc.12171

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…We can only say that there is no record of such actions. However, these findings are congruent with the literature, which indicates rural community members often lack understanding of mental health and suicide (Broffman et al, 2017), may have dismissive or stigmatizing attitudes toward mental health problems (Hayslip et al, 2010; Judd et al, 2006), and may have difficulty accessing mental health services (Broffman et al, 2017; Byrne et al, 2017; Fraser et al, 2005). More research is needed to understand the behaviors of families in response to farmers’ suicidal threats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Some research has suggested a link between depression and exposure to pesticides as well (Onwuameze, Paradiso, Peek-Asa, Donham, & Rautiainen, 2013). Finally, rural communities often lack adequate health and behavioral health services, making help-seeking challenging for those farmers who may wish to obtain services (Broffman et al, 2017; Byrne, Happell, & Reid-Searl, 2017; Fraser et al, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and contextual stressors in farmer and agricultural worker suicides in Georgia from 2008–2015.

Scheyett

Bayakly

Whitaker

2019

Journal of Rural Mental Health

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Farmers and agricultural workers are at elevated risk of suicide. The majority of farmer suicide research has been completed in Australia; less is known about farmer suicide in the United States and in specific regions of the country. This study addressed this knowledge gap by examining suicide data for farmers and agricultural workers from the Georgia Violent Death Reporting System, 2008-2015. We found that farmers who died by suicide were predominantly male, White, non-Hispanic, and older, with slightly fewer than half being married, and half having a high school education or less. The most common means of death was gunshot wound (78%), followed by hanging (16%). The contextual factors most frequently reported to be associated with suicide were relationship conflict or loss (25%) and health problems (25%), including chronic pain and decreased function. Financial problems (12%) and substance use (11%) also were associated with suicides. In 21% of cases, the individual was reported to have made prior suicidal threats; however, family members were reported to often discount these indicators. These findings suggest that suicide prevention programs might include suicide education for community members in rural areas. Rural health care providers could be trained in suicide risk detection and referral actions for farmers with illness, pain, or loss of functioning, and service providers who may be aware of farmer relationship problems-clergy, funeral home directors-also could be trained. Additional research is needed to gain deeper understanding of risk factors for farmer suicide and to design and test possible interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and contextual stressors in farmer and agricultural worker suicides in Georgia from 2008–2015.

Scheyett

Bayakly

Whitaker

2019

Journal of Rural Mental Health

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“…Furthermore, Dallas police officers mainly live outside the city, where access to mental health services is typically more difficult than within urban areas. 32 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Mental Illness and Mental Health Care Use Among Police Officers

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCE Limited literature has characterized patterns of mental illnesses and barriers in seeking mental health care among police officers. OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of mental illness (diagnosis) and symptoms of mental illness, evaluate the characteristics of officers interested in seeking mental health care, and characterize perceptions of mental health care use. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This survey study was conducted among officers at a large police department in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas. Focus group sessions were conducted from April 1, 2019, to November 30, 2019, and the survey was conducted from January 1 to February 27, 2020. A total of 446 sworn, employed patrol officers who were present during the recruitment briefing were eligible to participate in surveys and focus groups. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Officers reported lifetime or current diagnosis of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder, as well as current mental health symptoms (using validated screeners of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicidal ideation or selfharm) and mental health care use in the past 12 months. Focus group data were collected to contextualize mental health care use. Logistic regression analyses were used for quantitative data, and focus groups were iteratively coded by 4 coders using inductive and deductive thematic identification. RESULTS Of the 446 officers invited to participate, 434 (97%) completed the survey (mean [SD] age, 37 [10] years; 354 [82%] male; 217 White [50%]). Of these officers, 19 (17%) had sought mental health care services in the past 12 months. A total of 54 officers (12%) reported a lifetime mental health diagnosis, and 114 (26%) had positive screening results for current mental illness symptoms. Among officers with positive screening results, the odds of interest in using mental health services was significantly higher for officers with suicidal ideation or self-harm than for those who did not (adjusted odds ratio, 7.66; 95% CI, 1.70-34.48). Five focus groups were conducted with 18 officers and found 4 primary barriers in accessing mental health services: (1) inability to identify when they are experiencing a mental illness, (2) concerns about confidentiality, (3) belief that psychologists cannot relate to their occupation, and (4) stigma that officers who seek mental health services are not fit for duty. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The study found that although few officers were seeking treatment, they were interested in seeking help, particularly those with suicidal ideation or self-harm. Additional interventions appear to be needed to systematically identify and refer officers to health care services while mitigating their concerns, such as fear of confidentiality breach.

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“…Rather than limit consumer leadership to conventional leadership roles, advocates call for its recognition in diverse roles both throughout and outside of the mental health system (Byrne et al . ; Piat et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘It depends what you mean by leadership’: An analysis of stakeholder perspectives on consumer leadership

Stewart

Scholz

Gordon

et al. 2018

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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Contemporary mental health policies call for increased involvement of consumers in leadership across mental health service design, delivery, and evaluation. However, consumer leadership is not currently well understood within academia or in mental health services themselves. This study investigates how consumer leadership is currently conceptualized by stakeholders at the service delivery level. To this end, semistructured interviews were conducted with 14 mental health organization members identifying as consumer leaders, colleagues supporting consumer leaders, or organization executives. Interview data were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis to develop a broad understanding of participants’ perceptions of consumer leadership. Findings indicate constructions of consumer leadership within mental health organizations can be understood in relation to four themes: consumer leadership roles, requirements, purpose, and process. Inconsistencies across participants’ perceptions of consumer leadership were identified as constituting barriers to its development, highlighting the need to better clarify the nature of consumer leadership.

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Acknowledging Rural Disadvantage in Mental Health: Views of Peer Workers

Abstract: The identified barriers place limitations on the capacity of peer workers to maximize effectiveness in rural settings. Peer workers could potentially play an important role in overcoming shortages of staff and services and improving mental health service delivery.

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Characteristics and contextual stressors in farmer and agricultural worker suicides in Georgia from 2008–2015.

Characteristics and contextual stressors in farmer and agricultural worker suicides in Georgia from 2008–2015.

Prevalence of Mental Illness and Mental Health Care Use Among Police Officers

‘It depends what you mean by leadership’: An analysis of stakeholder perspectives on consumer leadership

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