Acidic Oligosaccharides from Pectin Hydrolysate as New Component for Infant Formulae: Effect on Intestinal Flora, Stool Characteristics, and pH

Fanaro, Silvia; Jelínek, J; Stahl, Bernd; Boehm, Günther; Köck, Robin; Vigi, Vittorio

doi:10.1097/01.mpg.0000172747.64103.d7

Cited by 111 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They have also been studied in relation to any potential untowards effects, such as delayed growth, diarrhoea and an increased risk of inadequate water balance (SCF, 2003c;Ben et al, 2004;Decsi et al, 2005;Fanaro et al, 2005;Bettler and Euler, 2006;Moro et al, 2006;Ziegler et al, 2007;Costalos et al, 2008;Rao et al, 2009;Piemontese et al, 2011;Ashley et al, 2012).…”

Section: Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union

Products¹

2013

EFS2

185

107

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union. This Opinion describes the dietary requirements of infants and young children, compares dietary intakes and requirements in infants and young children in Europe and, based on these findings, concludes on the potential role of young-child formulae in the diets of infants and young children, including whether they have any nutritional benefits when compared with other foods that may be included in the normal diet of infants and young children. The Panel concluded on the levels of nutrient and energy intakes that are considered adequate for the majority of infants and young children, and evaluated the risk of inadequate nutrient intakes in infants and young children in living Europe. Dietary intakes of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), iron, vitamin D and iodine (in some European countries) are low in infants and young children living in Europe, and particular attention should be paid to ensuring an appropriate supply of ALA, DHA, iron, vitamin D and iodine in infants and young children with inadequate or at risk of inadequate status of these nutrients. No unique role of young-child formulae with respect to the provision of critical nutrients in the diet of infants and young children living in Europe can be identified, so that they cannot be considered as a necessity to satisfy the nutritional requirements of young children when compared with other foods that may be included in the normal diet of young children (such as breast milk, infant formulae, follow-on formulae and cow's milk).

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Section: Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union

Products¹

2013

EFS2

185

107

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“…91,93 Similar patterns were also observed when inulin, LOS, AOS, scGOS/lcFOS or scFOS/lcFOS/AOS was administrated to FF infants. 107,108,112,113 The effect of prebiotics on stool frequency and consistency has been evaluated in a systematic review. 117 Four randomized controlled trials reported that the stool frequency of infants fed prebiotics was similar to that of BF infants and was higher than that of infants fed control formula.…”

Section: (Us)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function

2017

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The development of the human infant intestinal microbiota is a sequential process that begins in utero and continues during the first 2 to 3 years of life. Microbial composition and diversity are shaped by host genetics and multiple environmental factors, of which diet is a principal contributor. An understanding of this process is of clinical importance as the microbiota acquired in early life influence gastrointestinal, immune and neural development, and reduced microbial diversity or dysbiosis during infancy is associated with disorders in infancy and later childhood. The goal of this article was to review the published literature that used culture-independent methods to describe the development of the gastrointestinal microbiota in breast-and formula-fed human infants as well as the impact of prebiotic and probiotic addition to infant formula, and the addition of solid foods.

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“…Non-digestible carbohydrates such as short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides (scGOS) and long-chain fructooligosaccharides (lcFOS) mimic structural and functional properties of neutral oligosaccharides such as present in human breast milk and are added to clinical nutrition and infant milk formulas since they may have health and immunepromoting capacities (3,4) . Previously, in a mouse model of orally induced CMA this 9:1 scGOS/lcFOS mixture (Immunofortisw; Nutricia, Zoetermeer, The Netherlands) was found to reduce the allergic effector response to whey protein (5) .Furthermore, in a clinical study with infants at high risk of developing allergic disease, the same carbohydrate mixture reduced the incidence of atopic dermatitis significantly (6) .Acidic oligosaccharides derived from pectin (pAOS) are non-digestible carbohydrates that mimic properties of human milk acidic oligosaccharides (7) . The combined use of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides was most effective in supporting the vaccination response in mice and has been shown to increase faecal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli (8,9) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acidic oligosaccharides derived from pectin (pAOS) are non-digestible carbohydrates that mimic properties of human milk acidic oligosaccharides (7) . The combined use of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides was most effective in supporting the vaccination response in mice and has been shown to increase faecal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli (8,9) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A potential role for CD25⁺ regulatory T-cells in the protection against casein allergy by dietary non-digestible carbohydrates

et al. 2011

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Dietary non-digestible carbohydrates reduce the development of cows' milk allergy in mice. In the present study, the contribution of CD25 þ regulatory T-cells (T reg ) was investigated using in vivo T reg depletion and adoptive transfer studies. Mice were orally sensitised with casein and fed a diet containing 2 % short-chain galacto-, long-chain fructo-and acidic oligosaccharides (GFA) or a control diet. Donor splenocytes of mice sensitised with casein and fed the GFA or control diet were adoptively transferred to naive recipient mice, which were casein-or sham-sensitised and fed the control diet. In addition, in vivo or ex vivo CD25 þ T reg depletion was performed using anti-CD25 (PC61). The acute allergic skin response upon intradermal casein challenge and casein-specific Ig were determined. Furthermore, T-helper (T H ) 1 and T H 2 cell numbers were analysed in the mesenteric lymph nodes. The oligosaccharide diet strongly reduced the development of the acute allergic skin response, which was abrogated by the in vivo anti-CD25 treatment. The diet enhanced the percentage of T H 1 cells and tended to reduce the percentage of T H 2 cells in casein-sensitised mice. Recipient mice were protected against the development of an acute allergic skin response when transferred with splenocytes from casein-sensitised GFA-fed donor mice before sensitisation. Ex vivo depletion of CD25 þ T reg abrogated this transfer of tolerance. Splenocytes from sham-sensitised GFA-fed donor mice did not suppress the allergic response in recipient mice. In conclusion, CD25 þ T reg contribute to the suppression of the allergic effector response in casein-sensitised mice induced by dietary intervention with non-digestible carbohydrates.Key words: Cows' milk allergy: Prebiotics: Non-digestible carbohydrates: Oligosaccharides: Regulatory T-cells: CaseinOne of the first manifestations of atopic disease is the development of cows' milk allergy (CMA) in young infants. Casein, in particular aS1-casein, is the main allergenic protein in cows' milk (1,2) . Non-digestible carbohydrates such as short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides (scGOS) and long-chain fructooligosaccharides (lcFOS) mimic structural and functional properties of neutral oligosaccharides such as present in human breast milk and are added to clinical nutrition and infant milk formulas since they may have health and immunepromoting capacities (3,4) . Previously, in a mouse model of orally induced CMA this 9:1 scGOS/lcFOS mixture (Immunofortisw; Nutricia, Zoetermeer, The Netherlands) was found to reduce the allergic effector response to whey protein (5) .Furthermore, in a clinical study with infants at high risk of developing allergic disease, the same carbohydrate mixture reduced the incidence of atopic dermatitis significantly (6) .Acidic oligosaccharides derived from pectin (pAOS) are non-digestible carbohydrates that mimic properties of human milk acidic oligosaccharides (7) . The combined use of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides was most effective in supporting the vaccinati...

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Acidic Oligosaccharides from Pectin Hydrolysate as New Component for Infant Formulae: Effect on Intestinal Flora, Stool Characteristics, and pH

Abstract: There was no difference in growth, crying, vomiting, and regurgitation patterns between the groups. In summary, acidic oligosaccharides from pectin hydrolysate are well tolerated as ingredient in infant formulae but do not affect intestinal microecology.

Cited by 111 publications

References 15 publications

Scientific Opinion on nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union

Scientific Opinion on nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union

The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function

A potential role for CD25⁺ regulatory T-cells in the protection against casein allergy by dietary non-digestible carbohydrates

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Acidic Oligosaccharides from Pectin Hydrolysate as New Component for Infant Formulae: Effect on Intestinal Flora, Stool Characteristics, and pH

Abstract: There was no difference in growth, crying, vomiting, and regurgitation patterns between the groups. In summary, acidic oligosaccharides from pectin hydrolysate are well tolerated as ingredient in infant formulae but do not affect intestinal microecology.

Cited by 111 publications

References 15 publications

Scientific Opinion on nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union

Scientific Opinion on nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union

The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function

A potential role for CD25+ regulatory T-cells in the protection against casein allergy by dietary non-digestible carbohydrates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A potential role for CD25⁺ regulatory T-cells in the protection against casein allergy by dietary non-digestible carbohydrates