Acid Violet 17: a New Dye for Chromovitrectomy?

Gerding, H.

doi:10.1055/s-0041-111823

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…These were: 1. F6H8 as a heavy endotamponade for the treatment of retinal detachment, leading to chronic hypotonia in the majority of treated cases [15], 2. a toxic perfluoro-octane for intraoperative use leading to acute and severe retinal necrosis [16], and 3. the chromovitrectomy dye acid violet 17 causing severe damage to the RPE in some cases of full thickness macular hole [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eine kurze Übersicht zur Sicherheit von Bromphenolblau bei farbstoffassistierten vitreoretinalen Interventionen the regular process of product approval few years ago, proved to cause undesired outcomes in cases with full thickness macular holes [2]. A review of biocompatibility data revealed that the approval was granted although biocompatibility data clearly indicated toxic effects to ocular structures at much lower concentrations than marketed [3].…”

Section: A Short Review On the Safety Of Bromphenol Blue For Dye-assimentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Short Review on the Safety of Bromphenol Blue for Dye-Assisted Vitreoretinal Interventions

Gerding

2020

Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

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Bromphenol blue was approved for the intraoperative staining of the vitreous, epiretinal membranes, and internal limiting membrane of the retina several years ago. It has been marketed as a combined dye formulation of bromphenol blue (1.3 mg/mL) and brilliant blue G (0.25 mg/mL). So far, comprehensive information on preclinical and clinical safety data of bromphenol blue is lacking. A PubMed analysis of available literature was performed. Ten relevant publications on preclinical and clinical evaluations of bromphenol blue were found. It is striking that almost no safety data is available on the presently used clinical product. Current clinical use seems not completely be justified by scientific safety data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Short Review On the Safety Of Bromphenol Blue For Dye-assimentioning

confidence: 99%

A Short Review on the Safety of Bromphenol Blue for Dye-Assisted Vitreoretinal Interventions

Gerding

2020

Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

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“…incidence of degradation products, drop in pH, may contribute to the explanation of the reported clinical adverse effects in AV-assisted peeling of the internal limiting membrane, in particular in patients with macular holes [7]. Another additional reason might be the concentration of the AV solution which was commercially available until recently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buffer Additives and Packaging Differentially Influence the Stability of Dyes Commonly Used in Chromovitrectomy

Aliod¹,

Kugler²,

Häring³

2016

Biomed Hub

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Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the chemical stability of different dyes used in chromovitrectomy and the influence of various product parameters on it. Methods: Buffered dye solutions were prepared containing 1.5 g/L acid violet 17, 0.25 g/L brilliant blue G, 1.3 g/L bromophenol blue, and 1.5 g/L trypan blue, combined with deuterium oxide, polyethylene glycol 3350, and D-mannitol as additives. For accelerated storage testing, samples were incubated for 400 h at 80°C corresponding to 2 years according to the Van ‘t Hoff equation. After different incubation times samples were taken for UV/Vis spectroscopy, pH measurement, and osmometry. Results: Depending on dye, additive, and packaging, different solutions exhibit differences in chemical stability and hence shelf life. Packaging in syringes instead of vials increases dye stability. Additives may negatively influence important parameters, e.g. polyethylene glycol 3350 increases osmolality beyond the physiological range. Notably, acid violet 17 is chemically unstable except in D-mannitol-containing buffer, packed in syringes. However, simultaneously, D-mannitol leads to a pH shift below 7.0. Conclusion: In summary, dye solutions filled in syringes should be preferred to vials to slow down oxidative degradation. Especially acid violet 17 solutions should be used with caution because the addition of D-mannitol may contribute to pH values beyond the physiological range.

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“…92 Ala Medics introduced Ala Purple to the market at a concentration of 1.5 mg/ml. Shortly thereafter, several publications suggesting the dye not be used due to the toxicity at commercially available concentrations, [121][122][123] and the company pulled the product from the market. Subsequent in vitro studies further supported the toxicity profile of Acid Violet.…”

Section: Investigational Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vital Dyes in Vitreomacular Surgery

Bracha¹,

Ciulla²,

Baumal³

2018

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina

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Vital dyes contain complex molecules with chromophores that stain living tissues and have greatly enhanced identification and removal of transparent vitreoretinal tissues during surgery. Several "chromovitrectomy" dyes are frequently used by vitreoretinal specialists, including indocyanine green, trypan blue, brilliant blue G and triamcinolone acetonide; other dyes are also under investigation. Currently available chromovitrectomy dyes have their limitations, and of particular concern is their possibility for acute and chronic toxicity to the neurosensory retina and retinal pigmented epithelium. The potentially irreversible acute toxicity and other limitations, such as lack of long-term safety profiles, highlight the need for a review of the current literature and for further advancements.

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Acid Violet 17: a New Dye for Chromovitrectomy?

Abstract: Preclinical tests indicate that AV17 has toxic and undesired effects at concentrations much lower than claimed by suppliers. Against the background of these data and the first observations of adverse clinical effects, it seems advisable to be cautious when using AV17.

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

A Short Review on the Safety of Bromphenol Blue for Dye-Assisted Vitreoretinal Interventions

A Short Review on the Safety of Bromphenol Blue for Dye-Assisted Vitreoretinal Interventions

Buffer Additives and Packaging Differentially Influence the Stability of Dyes Commonly Used in Chromovitrectomy

Vital Dyes in Vitreomacular Surgery

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