Acid Soils of Manipur of the North-eastern Region of India: Their Mineralogy, Pedology, Taxonomy and Edaphology

Sahoo, Sonalika; Vasu, Duraisamy; Paul, Ranjan; Sen, T.K.; Ray, S.K.; Chandran, P.

doi:10.5958/0974-4509.2020.00005.4

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Each geological group exhibits varying base cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil. The CEC (cmol/kg) in the A horizon of major soil series in the state are 9.2 (Surma), 11 (Disang), 14 in Suongpeh series and 17.3 in Leimakhong series at the adjoining zone of Disang, and Barail rocks (Sahoo et al 2020). The hill areas generally exhibit higher soil organic carbon (SOC) content than IV (Roy et al 2018).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soils are generally hyperthermic and have low cation exchange capability and base saturation, yet it has high exchangeable calcium and magnesium ions and high organic carbon content (Sahoo et al 2020). Despite the prevalent shifting cultivation and soil loss, agriculture can effectively continue due to the constant replenishment of soil organic through the fall of litter.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agricultural land suitability analysis in Manipur, India using GIS and AHP

Baite,

Bhattacharjee,

Debbarma

et al. 2024

Auc Geographica

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This article aims to identify potential sites for agricultural use in the state of Manipur of north east India by employing the analytic hierarchy process in a geographic information system environment in conjunction with the use of remote sensing and soil data. Within the analytic hierarchy process, each terrain variable underwent a pairwise comparison and criteria weights were assigned according to their relative importance. Eight variables were selected and used in land suitability analysis for agriculture. It was found that Manipur had 57% (12,660 km2) of its total geographical area suitable for agriculture. However, 8126 km2 (37%) and 1374 km2 (6%) of the total geographical area was currently and permanently unsuitable land respectively. The distribution of suitable land varied greatly, with highly, moderately and marginally suitable land covering only 8%, 16% and 33% respectively of the total geographical area. The highly suitable agricultural land is predominantly concentrated in the Imphal valley (70%), though 90% of moderately suitable and 96% of marginally suitable land also exist in the hills. The hilly areas constitute 96% and 97% respectively of currently unsuitable and permanently unsuitable land in the state. Suitable land comprises of land with low to medium altitude, gentle to moderate slopes, soil of fine or acceptable quality, and with minimal flood risk. Unsuitable lands tend to be diametrically opposite to these attributes with steep hill slopes. The nature of distribution of land suitability types influences the agricultural pattern in Manipur. Agriculture in the hill areas comprises mainly of shifting cultivation on hill slopes, whereas in the valley region it is irrigated and permanent. This analysis of Manipur has a wider applicability since the shifting cultivation-irrigated agriculture combination is similar to that which exists across much of the highlands of South East Asia.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural land suitability analysis in Manipur, India using GIS and AHP

Baite,

Bhattacharjee,

Debbarma

et al. 2024

Auc Geographica

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“…The exclusive formation of Ultisols under HT climate finds a support from the evolutionary pathways of soil formation for millions of years, especially in zeolitic Vertisols (Pal et al 2012a). Studies on soils evolution in different parts of India such as southern India (Chandran et al 2005;Pal et al 2014); HT parts of the Western Ghats (Bhattacharyya et al 1993(Bhattacharyya et al , 1999Pal et al 2012a;Pal 2017a) and north-eastern hills (NEH) areas (Bhattacharyya et al 2000a;Sahoo et al 2020) depict that with time, Vertisols (Typic Haplusterts) of HT does not transform to any other soil orders as long as the zeolites continue to supply bases, thereby preventing the total transformation of smectites tokaolin. However, upon complete depletion of zeolite stocks, the soils would gradually turn to acidic and kaolinitic and point towards Ultisols through a transitional stage of nonvertic Alfisols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, upon complete depletion of zeolite stocks, the soils would gradually turn to acidic and kaolinitic and point towards Ultisols through a transitional stage of nonvertic Alfisols. Complete transformation of smectite to kaolinite is unlikely as silica is insoluble in acidic soil environment leading to unaltered Ultisols with kaolin (0.7 nm mineral interstratified with hydroxyinterlayered smectite, Sm-K) as the dominant mineral (Bhattacharyya et al 1993;Chandran et al 2005;Pal et al a, 2014Sahoo et al 2020). This soil genesis model is justified when the published literature on Oxisols is critically re-examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also envisaged that Ultisols with time frame would phase towards Oxisols (Smeck et al 1983;Lin 2011). But in view of contemporary pedogenesis of millions of years old Ultisols in HT environment of tropical India (Bhattacharyya et al 2000a;Pal et al 2014;Sahoo et al 2020), it will be highly improbable that Indian Ultisols would ever phase towards Oxisols. Therefore, consideration of Ultisols as the end stage of advanced soil weathering in HT climate has been a wise decision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultisols with Unique Soil Properties and their Implications in Carbon Enhancement Strategies for Indian Tropical Soils

Pal,

Chandran,

Paul

et al. 2023

agroped

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Million years old Ultisols, developed as an end stage of advance soil weathering on base-poor rock systems under forest and plantation crops of the Indian sub-continent, are enriched with organic carbon (OC). Despite their remarkable acid chemical reaction, they show an upward increase in extractable bases (EB) and base saturation (BS) in the pedon, and on some occasion BS > 35% in surface horizons. Recent research suggests that the litter falls from forest species provide bases on soil surface, which causes similar depth distribution of EB and BS in Andisols of Nilgiri Hills of humid tropical southern India, developed on pre-weathered lateritic materials consisting primarily of Fe and Al oxides/ hydroxides. Under similar humid tropical (HT) climate in protected rain forest, million years old OC rich soils of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, developed on base-poor rock systems, have similar chemical and clay mineralogical properties of Ultisols except however their EB and BS, which are more than 10% and much above 50%, respectively and therefore, they are acidic Alfisols. Formation of Alfisols on the Island is a unique example on the formidable role of vegetation in soil formation, suggesting that if inland Ultisols are kept under natural protected forest ecosystem, they may phase towards Alfisols thereby facilitating OC sequestration and perform other ecosystem functions. The preservation of natural or semi-natural ecosystems is thus essential to raise the OC stocks of soils, which would help to gain various ecological benefits.

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New Criteria to Identify Argillans as Evidence of Clay Illuviation

Srivastava,

Pal

2023

Micromorphology of Soils and Paleosols of India

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Acid Soils of Manipur of the North-eastern Region of India: Their Mineralogy, Pedology, Taxonomy and Edaphology

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Agricultural land suitability analysis in Manipur, India using GIS and AHP

Agricultural land suitability analysis in Manipur, India using GIS and AHP

Ultisols with Unique Soil Properties and their Implications in Carbon Enhancement Strategies for Indian Tropical Soils

New Criteria to Identify Argillans as Evidence of Clay Illuviation

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