Acid Phosphatase as a Marker in Malaria

Abstract

The serum acid phosphatase (ACP) activity and Hemoglobin (Hb) levels were measured in malaria patients and nonmalarial fever patients. The results were compared with normal healthy control subjects. ACP was significantly increased (P \ 0.001) in all the malaria patients. ACP was significantly higher in Plasmodium falcifarum malaria and mixed malaria when compared to Plasmodium vivax malaria. Hb levels were significantly decreased in all the malaria patients which indicates that malaria parasite uses host erythrocyte Hb as a major nutrient source. There is negative correlation(r = -0.478) between ACP and Hb in malaria patients, which is highly significant. These results suggest that the measurement of ACP could be used as a marker for malaria.

Serum acid phosphatase level - is it a marker for diagnosis of malaria

“…Similar findings were noted by D'Souza B et al, Garba IH et al, Daniel E et al, Pratinidhi SA et al [4][5][6][7] It has been reported that the red blood cells contain an excess quantity of ACP. The cell membrane plays a central role in the growth and propagation of the malarial parasite in the blood.…”

Study of Acid Phosphatase and Heamoglobin Level in Malarial and Non Malarial Fever Patients

“…Our study also shows statistically significant decrease in heamoglobin (Hb) levels between the malarial and non-malarial fever patients. Similar findings were also noted by D'Souza B et al, Kanwar G et al, Garba IH et al, Pratinidhi SA et al [6,7,14,15] .…”

“…Its levels are increased in various diseases like prostate cancer that has spread to the prostate gland and to the bone, Paget's disease, hemolytic anemia, prostatitis, thrombophlebitis, Gaucher's disease, hyperparathyroidism etc. which helps in their diagnosis [6] . Lysosomal and prostatic enzymes are inhibited by tartarate ions whereas erythrocytic and bone isoenzymes are not [7] .…”

The skeletal manifestation of malaria: An epidemiological approach using documented skeletal collections

“…One of the primary health impacts caused by all forms of malaria is hemolytic anemia (i.e., severe malarial anemia) caused by the massive, simultaneous destruction of parasitized and unparasitized red blood cells (Sherman, 1998). Moreover, recent biomedical research has suggested that malarial hemolysis may impact the skeleton through acid phosphatase, free heme, and hemozoin release into the bloodstream (D'Souza et al, 2011;Moreau et al, 2012). Moreover, recent biomedical research has suggested that malarial hemolysis may impact the skeleton through acid phosphatase, free heme, and hemozoin release into the bloodstream (D'Souza et al, 2011;Moreau et al, 2012).…”

“…Such hemolytic anemia in malaria has been implicated in skeletal expansion of the marrow space (Walker et al, 2009). The chemical release is higher in falciparum and mixed malarial infections (D'Souza et al, 2011), and causes an imbalance in bone remodeling through simultaneous osteoclast stimulation and osteoblast impairment (Moreau et al, 2012). The chemical release is higher in falciparum and mixed malarial infections (D'Souza et al, 2011), and causes an imbalance in bone remodeling through simultaneous osteoclast stimulation and osteoblast impairment (Moreau et al, 2012).…”