Acid‐Functionalized Mesostructured Aluminosilica for Hydrophilic Proton Conduction Membranes

Athens, George L.; Ein‐Eli, Yair; Chmelka, Bradley F.

doi:10.1002/adma.200602781

Cited by 68 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Under wet conditions, samples were supplied with continuous humidification. 20 The proton conductivity of each membrane sample (size : 1 cm × 4 cm) was measured longitudinally under different RH conditions at 80 o C with a four-point probe alternating current (AC) impedance spectrometer (Solartron 1260, Farnborough Hampshire, ONR, UK). The measurements were performed in a 25 thermo-and hydro-controlled chamber in an electronic noise-free environment.…”

Section: In Plane Swelling (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are perceived as 20 environmentally friendly energy conversion devices for both transportation and stationary power systems. 1 The polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM), which is a key component determining PEFC performance, should satisfy tough criteria such as low production cost and physico-chemical durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…XESPSN has well-developed hydrophilichydrophobic nanophase separation, high sulfonic acid density, and retains chain mobility for maintaining fast proton transport even in partially hydrated states. XESPSN showed outstanding low humidity PEFC performance when compared with other 20 hydrocarbon PEM materials or Nafion ® used in PEFCs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The dark phase represents hydrophilic domains composed of sulfonate groups with lead counter cations. The hydrophilic domains in ESPSN are randomly distributed within the hydrophobic matrix shown as the 20 bright phase (Fig. 3a), with morphological features similar to many random copolymers having high IEC values; the size of the hydrophilic domains appears to be relatively large (> 50 nm) and hydrophilic-hydrophobic phase separation is less developed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Consequently, XESPSN exhibited proton conductivity superior to 15 the corresponding ESPSN precursors and Nafion ® 212, used as a reference. The rapid proton transport through XESPSN in water at 30 o C resulted from a synergetic effect of 3-D network formation-induced morphological transformation into welldefined hydrophilic-hydrophobic nanophase-separated domains 20 and chain flexibility (as demonstrated by high elongation values in Table 1), in addition to its enhanced ionic concentration. The results also imply a high degree of connectivity within the protonconducting hydrophilic phase.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological transformation during cross-linking of a highly sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide nitrile) random copolymer

Lee

Shin

et al. 2012

Energy Environ. Sci.

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/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ee21992aEnergy and Environmental Science, 5, 12, pp. 9795-9802, 2012-10-18 Morphological transformation during cross-linking of a highly sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide nitrile) random copolymer Lee, So Young; Kang, Na Rae; Shin, Dong Won; Lee, Chang Hyun; Lee, Kwan-Soo; Guiver, Michael D.; Li, Nanwen; Lee, Young Moo Journal Name Here we present a new approach of morphological transformation for effective proton transport within ionomers even at partially hydrated states. Highly sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide nitrile) (XESPSN) random network copolymers were synthesized as alternatives to state-of-the-art perfluorinated polymers such as Nafion ® . Cross-linking reaction was effectively conducted at 250 o C by simple thermal 10 trimerisation of ethynyl groups at the chain termini that would morphologically transform the nanophase separation between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains, and thus form well-connected hydrophilic nanochannels for dramatically enhanced proton conduction even at partially hydrated conditions. For instance, the proton conductivity of XEPSN60 was 160% higher than that of Nafion ® 212 at 80 o C and 50% relative humidity condition. The water uptake and dimensional swelling were also reduced and 15 mechanical properties and oxidative stability were improved after a three-dimensional network formation. These properties of the XESPSN membranes suggest that they are able to be utilized as desirable polymer electrolyte materials in fuel cell applications under partially hydrated environments.

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Section: In Plane Swelling (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological transformation during cross-linking of a highly sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide nitrile) random copolymer

Lee

Shin

et al. 2012

Energy Environ. Sci.

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Enhanced Water Retention by Using Polymeric Microcapsules to Confer High Proton Conductivity on Membranes at Low Humidity

Wang

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2011

Adv Funct Materials

107

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Water retention is a pervasive issue in agriculture and industry. Inspired by the water‐storage mechanisms in plant cells, three kinds of polymeric microcapsules (PMCs) with carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, and pyridyl groups are prepared using distillation–precipitation polymerization. The size of the lumen of the PMCs may govern the static water uptake by holding water molecules in a free‐water state, and the functional groups in the shell of PMCs may manipulate dynamic water release by holding water molecules in a bound‐water state, thus yielding PMCs with high and tunable water‐retention properties. Incorporation of PMCs into composite membranes gives rise to dramatically enhanced water‐retention properties and proton‐transfer pathway, and consequently increased proton conductivity by up to one order of magnitude over the control polymer membrane, under low relative humidity of 20%. This study may offer a facile and generic strategy to design and prepare a variety of materials with superior water‐retention properties.

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Enhancement of Proton Conduction at Low Humidity by Incorporating Imidazole Microcapsules into Polymer Electrolyte Membranes

Wang

Yue

Zhang

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

141

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Design and fabrication of hierarchically structured membranes with high proton conductivity is crucial to many energy-relevant applications including proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Here, a series of imidazole microcapsules (IMCs) with tunable imidazole group loading, shell thickness, and lumen size are synthesized and incorporated into a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) matrix to prepare composite membranes. The IMCs play two roles: i) Improving water retention properties of the membrane. The IMCs, similar to the vacuoles in plant cells, can render membrane a stable water environment. The lumen of the IMCs acts as a water reservoir and the shell of IMCs can manipulate water release. ii) They form anhydrous proton transfer pathways and low energy barrier pathways for proton hopping, imparting an enhanced proton transfer via either a vehicle mechanism or Grotthuss mechanism. In particular, at the relative humidity (RH) as low as 20%, the composite membrane exhibits an ultralow proton conductivity decline and the proton conductivity is one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of SPEEK control membrane. The enhanced proton conductivity affords the composite membrane an elevated peak power density from 69.5 to 104.5 mW cm − 2 in a single cell. Moreover, the application potential of the composite membrane for CO 2 capture is explored.

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Acid‐Functionalized Mesostructured Aluminosilica for Hydrophilic Proton Conduction Membranes

Cited by 68 publications

References 51 publications

Morphological transformation during cross-linking of a highly sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide nitrile) random copolymer

Morphological transformation during cross-linking of a highly sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide nitrile) random copolymer

Enhanced Water Retention by Using Polymeric Microcapsules to Confer High Proton Conductivity on Membranes at Low Humidity

Enhancement of Proton Conduction at Low Humidity by Incorporating Imidazole Microcapsules into Polymer Electrolyte Membranes

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