Acid–base equilibrium in exhaled breath condensate of allergic asthmatic children

Carraro, Silvia; Folesani, Giuseppina; Corradi, Massimo; Zanconato, Stefania; Gaston, Benjamin; Baraldi, Eugenio

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00718.x

Cited by 85 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Normal values of gas-standardized ("CO 2 -free") EBC pH have been reported from multiple investigators and range between 7.5 and 8.1 (3,8,9,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). In our normative database from 404 subjects, the mean pH was 7.83, and the median pH was 8.0 (12).…”

Section: Normal Ebc Ph Valuesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Exhaled Breath Condensate pH Assays

Hunt

2007

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America

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Section: Normal Ebc Ph Valuesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Exhaled Breath Condensate pH Assays

Hunt

2007

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America

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“…[7][8][9][10] As EBC deaeration itself is tedious, costly, and time-consuming, we chose not to deaerate samples prior to pH measurements in this study. The published literature was also divided in opinion regarding the necessity of this procedure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(i.e., acidic) in patients with asthma [7][8][9][10] and chronic cough. 11 However, only one of these studies looked into the relationship between asthma severity and EBC pH in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurement of pH in these studies was done in EBC obtained by the commercial EcoScreeen system 7,11 or by a home-made glass chamber immersed in ice. [8][9][10] Different devices available for EBC collection operate under slightly different principles. 2 To the best of our knowledge, no study has compared pH in EBC samples collected by different devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical and Technical Factors Affecting pH and Other Biomarkers in Exhaled Breath Condensate

Leung

Yung

et al. 2005

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Summary. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH appears to be a robust measure of asthma. However, the association between EBC pH and clinical factors and airway inflammatory markers remains unclear. The objectives of this study were to investigate the factors determining EBC pH in asthmatic children, and the reproducibility and effects of collection devices on EBC pH in nine healthy, nonsmoking adults. EBC was collected once from asthmatic children using EcoScreen, and from adults over 3 consecutive days using both RTubes and EcoScreen. EBC pH was measured immediately in non-deaerated samples by microelectrode pH meter. Concentrations of 8-isoprostane, cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LT), and leukotriene B4 (LTB 4 ) were measured using enzyme immunoassay. Exhaled nitric oxide concentration (FeNO) was measured by chemiluminescence. Fifty-eight asthmatics (16 intermittent, 12 mild persistent, and 30 moderate-to-severe persistent) were recruited. EBC pH was lower among patients with moderate-to-severe persistent than intermittent asthma (P ¼ 0.046). This marker correlated inversely with disease severity score (r ¼ À0.276, P ¼ 0.036), but not FeNO or other EBC biomarkers. Bland-Altman analyses found pH but not other EBC biomarkers to be reproducible, which were confirmed by its low coefficient of variation (2.7%; range, 0.4-5.2%). There was poor correlation between pH in EBC collected by RTube and EcoScreen (r ¼ 0.059, P ¼ 0.784). Factor analysis selected four factors that explained 67.5% of the total variance, and EBC pH clustered with both cys-LT and LTB 4 . In conclusion, our results suggest that pH in non-deaerated EBC is influenced by asthma severity in children. EBC pH measurement is reproducible, but is dependent on the collection devices used. Pediatr Pulmonol.

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“…Moreover, recent data suggest a link between 8-isoprostane concentration in EBC and small airways inflammation [102]. Using different collection devices, several research groups found an average pH of 7.8 in the EBC of healthy subjects, whereas in asthma the average pH was found below 7.5 [103][104][105][106][107]. Asthma exacerbations have been shown to result in further decline of pH with reversal following corticosteroid treatment [107].…”

Section: Exhaled Breath Condensate (Ebc)mentioning

confidence: 99%