Acid‐base changes in paediatric anaesthesia*

Scott, J; Inkster, J.S.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1973.tb00446.x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…The pH varied inversely with age in the Poly-Joule Group (Figure 1), but there was no such apparent correlation in the other groups. Scott and Inkster 23 showed a similar inverse relationship between age and pH in two groups of neonates presenting for surgery. In contrast to this, older children (from one year upwards) have been shown to have a positive correlation between age and pH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

The Effect of Different Pre-Operative Feeding Regimens on Plasma Glucose and Gastric Volume and pH in Infancy

Walt

Carter

1986

Anaesth Intensive Care

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The effects of four different pre-operative feeding regimens were studied in 123 children below the age of one year presenting for surgery. Plasma glucose concentrations, blood acid-base values, gastric volume and gastric pH were measured before and after induction of anaesthesia. No patient was found to be hypoglycaemic and there were no significant differences in plasma glucose concentration and acid-base values between the groups. No correlation was demonstrated between the age and weight of the patients and the duration of fasting and the plasma glucose concentration. There was a significant elevation of plasma glucose concentration in all four groups after induction of anaesthesia (P<0.001) compared with the pre-induction level which is a reflection of the stress of blood sampling and induction of anaesthesia. Infants less than three months of age in the milk-feed group had a significantly higher gastric volume with low pH (P<0.05) signifying a potentially greater risk of pulmonary acid aspiration. The practice of timing the last pre-operative feed in infancy according to the infant's normal feeding pattern does not appear to [ncrease the risk factors for pulmonary aspiration, if milk is avoided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

The Effect of Different Pre-Operative Feeding Regimens on Plasma Glucose and Gastric Volume and pH in Infancy

Walt

Carter

1986

Anaesth Intensive Care

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A novel physiological investigation of the functional residual capacity by the bias flow nitrogen washout technique in infants

Morris

2009

Pediatric Pulmonology

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SummaryThe dynamic functional residual capacity (FRC dyn ), the lung volume most routinely measured in infants, is an unreliable volume landmark. In addition to the FRC dyn , we measured the (passive) static FRC (FRC st ) by inducing a brief post-hyperventilation apnea (PHA) in 33 healthy infants aged 7.4-127.2 weeks. A commercial system for nitrogen (N 2 ) washout to measure FRC, and a custom made system to monitor and record flow and airwayopening pressure signals in real-time were used in unison. Infants were manually hyperventilated to induce a PHA. After the last passive expiration, FRC st was estimated by measuring the volume of N 2 expired after end-passive expiratory switching of the inspired gas from room air to 100% oxygen during the post-expiratory apneic pause. Repeatable intrasubject FRC st and FRC dyn measurements overlapped in most infants including the younger ones (P = 0.2839). Mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) FRC st was 21.1 (20.0-22.3), and error-corrected FRC dyn was 21.4 (20.4-22.4) ml/kg. Mean (washout time [t]) tFRC st was longer than tFRC dyn 60 sec (95% CI 55-65) versus 47 sec (95% CI 43-51) (P<0.0001). The FRC and washout time were dependent on body length, weight and age. We conclude that the FRC st is not different from the FRC dyn in infants. The FRC st is a reliable volume landmark because the PHA stabilizes the end-expiratory level by potentially abolishing the sedated infant's breathing strategies. The FRC st lacks potential sources of errors and disadvantages associated with measuring the FRC dyn . The findings cast significant doubt on the traditional physiology of air trapping in healthy infants' lungs.

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Metabolic response to surgery in children

Bevan¹

1989

Baillière's Clinical Anaesthesiology

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Acid‐base changes in paediatric anaesthesia*

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

The Effect of Different Pre-Operative Feeding Regimens on Plasma Glucose and Gastric Volume and pH in Infancy

The Effect of Different Pre-Operative Feeding Regimens on Plasma Glucose and Gastric Volume and pH in Infancy

A novel physiological investigation of the functional residual capacity by the bias flow nitrogen washout technique in infants

Metabolic response to surgery in children

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