Achieving Weight Loss and Hypertension Control Among Obese Adults: A US Multidisciplinary Group Practice Observational Study

Abstract

Despite achieving hypertension control, the majority of obese patients did not achieve clinically significant weight loss. Effective weight loss interventions with dedicated hypertension treatment are needed to decrease cardiovascular events in this high-risk population.

Prevalence of depression and anxiety and their association with cardiovascular risk factors in Northeast Brasil primary care patients

“…Previous studies have demonstrated an association between depression, anxiety, and hypertension in individuals of basic care. 9,28,42,43 Ho et al 42 reported that depressive or anxious patients usually attend the unit of primary care more often. The higher frequency of consultations results in more measurements of blood pressure, therefore, increasing the chances of a hypertension diagnosis.…”

The importance of frequent return visits and hypertension control among US young adults: a multidisciplinary group practice observational study

“…JNC 7 criteria were used because they were the established US hypertension guidelines during the reporting period. A patient was determined as meeting hypertension eligibility criteria based on electronic health record data if there were: (1) three or more elevated outpatient BP measurements from three separate dates, ≥30 days apart, but within a 2‐year span (systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg) or (2) two elevated BPs (systolic BP ≥160 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥100 mm Hg), ≥30 days apart within a 2‐year period . If more than one BP was taken at a visit, the average was used .…”

“…The primary outcome was time (days) from the index date to achieving hypertension control, defined as the first of three consecutive normal BPs (<140/90 mm Hg) on three separate dates . To account for BP variability, multiple clinic BPs were used to define hypertension control since 24‐hour ambulatory BP monitoring data were not available.…”

Weight loss before a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for diabetes complications

“…Central obesity was defined as a waist circumference >90 cm for men or >80 cm for women. [11] In addition, we used 5 kg as the threshold for weight loss because previous studies showed that a weight loss of at least 5 kg was the standard value defining significant weight loss in patients with obesity [12] and weight loss >5 kg during the course of 1 year is an independent risk factor for 6-month mortality of nursing home residents. Furthermore, we included continuous loss of weight (kg) in the logistic analysis to determine the odds ratios [ORs] of weight loss (kg).…”