Achieving the Goals of Translational Science in Public Health Intervention Research: The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST)

Guastaferro, Kate

doi:10.2105/ajph.2018.304874

Cited by 53 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…We believe that a process of variation and selection is our best hope for evolving not only effective interventions, but more effective experimental designs. Guastaferro and Collins [69] describe the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST), which involves a factorial design for assessing the relative impact of multiple intervention components. For example, one might have a community intervention consisting of three components: a school intervention to involve students in emission reduction, a household component to influence emission behavior, and a policy initiative to require organizations to audit and reduce their emissions.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The State of Experimental Research on Community Interventions to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions—A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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This paper reviews research on community efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We conducted a systematic search of the relevant literature, and supplemented our findings with an analysis of review papers previously published on the topic. The results indicate that there have been no peer-reviewed experimental evaluations of community-wide interventions to reduce greenhouse gases involving electricity, refrigeration, or food. The lack of findings limits the conclusions which can be made about the efficacy of these efforts. As a result, we are not accumulating effective interventions, and some communities may be implementing strategies that are not effective. We advocate for the funding of experimental evaluations of multi-sector community interventions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Such interventions would attempt to engage every sector of the community in identifying and implementing policies and practices to reduce emissions. Comprehensive multi-sector interventions are likely to have synergistic effects, such that the total impact is greater than the sum of the impact of the individual components. We describe the value of interrupted time-series designs as an alternative to randomized trials, because these designs confer particular advantages for the evaluation of strategies in entire communities.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The State of Experimental Research on Community Interventions to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions—A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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“…Thus traditional meta-analytic statistical approaches constrain the types of studies that are included and evidence that is evaluated in the analysis. Recent advances in RCT design include optimization designs in the intended setting for the intended population, and Hybrid 2 designs that first test the efficacy of the intervention and then effectiveness in the intended population, 13,14 that have been formulated to address these limitations. However, foundational efficacy studies modeling a main outcome are most often used in traditional meta-analyses.…”

Section: What Information Do Traditional Meta-analytic Methods Providmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 These considerations are increasingly incorporated into adaptive designs and implementation trial design such as Hybrid 2 designs, after efficacy has been established. 13,14 This information could potentially be obtained from natural experiments, that is, those that do not randomize participants and conduct the intervention in the intended context: the community or health care setting. These are studies not traditionally included in meta-analyses.…”

Section: What Information Do Traditional Meta-analytic Methods Providmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Obesity Evidence Base Project: Building Translational Capacity through Meta-Analytic Methods

Young-Hyman

Khan

2020

Childhood Obesity

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Purpose: The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the need for and utility of using a taxonomic approach for evidence aggregation and meta-analyses, with focus on prevention and reduction of childhood obesity in very young children. As evidence has been generated through heterogeneous efforts, it is important that the field makes use of all available evidence to learn what works, for who, and in what circumstances. Methods: The Childhood Obesity Evidence Base (COEB) project conducted a taxonomic meta-analysis, using Grounded Theory to code elements present in reports of existing studies and initiatives, of diverse design and evaluation approaches, which were then mapped onto the levels of the socio-ecologic model. This article is the fourth in a series that describes the COEB project overall. It discusses both generally and specifically how taxonomies contribute to traditional meta-analytic methods, what questions can and cannot be answered, the method's contribution to translational (implementation) capacity, and ability to inform future efforts. Results: The COEB project illustrates how the taxonomic meta-analytic approach broadens the evidence base, increases translational capacity for effective intervention components, and evaluates the influence of contextual elements to inform future initiatives. How the method is used to establish associations between varying intervention components, contextual elements, and outcomes is discussed. Conclusions: Taxonomies generated through this process can be used for meta-analysis, serving to generate topic-specific questions associated with intervention approaches and outcomes in context, which is adjunctive to traditional meta-analytic methods and can inform public health approaches.

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“…One experimental method that should also be tried is the MOST design (Guastaferro and Collins 2019). These factorial designs are valuable for efficiently identifying which components of an intervention and which combination of components are most effective.…”

Section: Developing the Most Effective Research Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Strategic Plan for Strengthening America’s Families: A Brief from the Coalition of Behavioral Science Organizations

Biglan

Elfner

Garbacz

et al. 2020

Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev

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Despite significant progress in research on the treatment and prevention of psychological, behavioral, and health problems, the translation of this knowledge into population-wide benefit remains limited. This paper reviews the state of America's children and families, highlighting the influence of stressful contextual and social conditions on child and family well-being and the concentration of disadvantage in numerous neighborhoods and communities throughout the nation. It then briefly reviews the progress that has been made in pinpointing policies that can reduce stressful contextual conditions such as poverty, discrimination, and the marketing of unhealthful foods and substances. It also describes numerous family and school interventions that have proven benefit in preventing psychological and behavioral problems as diverse as tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use; depression; antisocial behavior; academic failure; obesity prevention; and early childbearing. We argue that progress in translating existing knowledge into widespread benefit will require a nationwide effort to intervene comprehensively in neighborhoods and communities of concentrated disadvantage. We present a strategic plan for how such an effort could be organized. The first step in this organizing would be the creation of a broad and diverse coalition of organizations concerned with advancing public health and well-being. Such a coalition could increase public support both for the policies needed to focus on these disadvantaged areas and the research needed to incrementally improve our ability to help these areas.

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Achieving the Goals of Translational Science in Public Health Intervention Research: The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST)

Cited by 53 publications

References 6 publications

The State of Experimental Research on Community Interventions to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions—A Systematic Review

The State of Experimental Research on Community Interventions to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions—A Systematic Review

Childhood Obesity Evidence Base Project: Building Translational Capacity through Meta-Analytic Methods

A Strategic Plan for Strengthening America’s Families: A Brief from the Coalition of Behavioral Science Organizations

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