Achieving Sub-100-ns Switching of Programmable Josephson Arrays

Impedance measurements with Programmable Josephson Systems

“…The system was operated using two NPL Josephson bias electronics [8] and the NPL / transmission line method to achieve fast transients without ringing [9]. The phase of both systems has to be aligned very precisely for two reasons.…”

Quantum - based AC-DC transfer using a transconductance amplifier

“…However, this error is directly related to the duration of the transients [8,9]. In the design of the TCA, special care has been taken to retain rise times of about 20 ns, settling times to the quantized state of about 100 ns, and minimal reflections in the experimental set-up achieved previously for the JWS [10]. The measured transients are shown in Fig.…”

Development of Josephson voltage standards

“…The synthesized waveforms contain small parts of undefined voltages during transients between well-defined quantized voltage levels. To improve achievable uncertainties, the transients have been made faster and faster, from 1 µs (Hamilton et al, 1997) to below 100 ns (Williams et al, 2007). Measurements on thermal transfer standards have shown possible uncertainties better than 1 µV/V for frequencies below 200 Hz (Behr et al, 2005) but for higher frequencies transients dominate uncertainties.…”