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Subject. This article examines the impact of competition in the dairy industry on the formation of the regional milk processing market structure. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the risks and threats to the economic security of the region arising from the creation of competitive advantages by different types of dairy enterprises. The Saratov Oblast is considered as a case study. Methods. For the study, the neoclassical Structure–Conduct–Performance (SCP) paradigm is used, which is explained through the market positioning theory, resource-based view (RBV), and the transaction approach. Results. The article notes that a moderately concentrated structure of the milk processing market has been formed in the Saratov Oblast. There are two leading enterprises that are able to influence not only the less strong local processing factories and producers of raw milk, but also the Oblast's economic security. Conclusions. Leading dairy companies of the region, following industry leaders, are seeking to expand their competitive position in inter-regional markets. The needs of processors in raw milk constantly exceed the production capacity of dairy farming, and market power enables them to displace local processors from the market and contributes to the reduction of the number of market participants in the dairy industry. The consequences of these actions go beyond antitrust policy and relate to the broader regulation of agri-food markets.
Subject. This article examines the impact of competition in the dairy industry on the formation of the regional milk processing market structure. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the risks and threats to the economic security of the region arising from the creation of competitive advantages by different types of dairy enterprises. The Saratov Oblast is considered as a case study. Methods. For the study, the neoclassical Structure–Conduct–Performance (SCP) paradigm is used, which is explained through the market positioning theory, resource-based view (RBV), and the transaction approach. Results. The article notes that a moderately concentrated structure of the milk processing market has been formed in the Saratov Oblast. There are two leading enterprises that are able to influence not only the less strong local processing factories and producers of raw milk, but also the Oblast's economic security. Conclusions. Leading dairy companies of the region, following industry leaders, are seeking to expand their competitive position in inter-regional markets. The needs of processors in raw milk constantly exceed the production capacity of dairy farming, and market power enables them to displace local processors from the market and contributes to the reduction of the number of market participants in the dairy industry. The consequences of these actions go beyond antitrust policy and relate to the broader regulation of agri-food markets.
The purpose of the research was to study in a comparative aspect the bioelemental status of sires of Kholmogorskaya breed under different natural and climatic conditions after a long winter period of using. The work was performed at the Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L. K. Ernst, Russian State University of National Economy named after V. I. Vernadsky and on the basis of JSC “Head Center for Reproduction” (Moscow region) and JSC “Arkhangelsk Bull Stud” (Arkhangelsk region). In the experiment the sires of JSC “Arkhangelsk Bull Stud” (n = 6) and JSC “Head Center for Reproduction” (n = 5) were used. Biochemical parameters of blood were studied such as total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin-globulin ratio, total cholesterol, creatinine, urea, ALT, AST, total bilirubin, as well as macronutrients: calcium, phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus ratio, and trace elements: iron, magnesium, chlorides, copper, zinc, and alkaline phosphotase and glucose in a comparative aspect. A comparison of protein and lipid metabolism in breeding bulls, depending on the region, showed the following results. The diff erence between the sires of JSC “Head Center for Reproduction” and JSC “Arkhangelsk Bull Stud” in total protein was 8,75 g/l or 10,2 %, albumin by 27,5 %, total cholesterol by 42,2 %, creatinine by 11,5 %, urea by 58,8 %, ALT by 8,8 %, total bilirubin by more than 200 % in favor of the sires of JSC “Head Center for Reproduction”, the ratio between A/G by 32,6 %. However, signifi cant differences (p < 0,05) were found only in the content of urea and total bilirubin. It was concluded as a result of the research that the sires of JSC “Arkhangelsk Bull Stud” need to balance the ration in protein. and mineral content. In order to determine the needs of breeding bulls for essential elements, they should be monitored regularly, at least twice a year in blood serum taking into account the defi ciency or excess intake into the body according to the results of chemical analysis of water, soil and basic feeds, and compensated with targeted premixes.
The article reflects the main results of the statistical analysis of the development of dairy cattle breeding in the Russian regions. The relevance of the topic is due to the strategic value of the industry, serving the needs of the population of the country's regions in demanded food products. Based on statistical data compiled by the Federal State Statistics Service, the dynamics of milk production and the number of live-stock and cattle of dairy breeds are analyzed. In addition, an assessment is made of the impact of climate on the industry in question, as well as a number of other factors on milk yields in individual regions. To deepen the inter-regional comparative analysis of the problems of the development of dairy cattle breeding, the author used the hierarchical clustering method. To do this, the author built a system of indicators that characterizes the industry in question, the effectiveness of its functioning, and the factors of its development, while the calculations used the average annual values of each indicator for the period from 2018 to 2021. The preference for the 5-cluster structural model is substantiated, which reflects the differentiation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of the development of dairy cattle breeding. The conclusion summarizes the results of an interregional comparative analysis of the development of the considered segment of the economy, which, in the author's opinion, should be taken into account when improving and optimizing both the federal program and regional plans for socio-economic development, increasing the welfare of the Russian population, equalizing the levels of economic development of individual regions of the country.
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