Achieving Long-Acting Local Analgesia Using an Intelligent Hydrogel Encapsulated with Drug and pH Regulator

Long-Acting Gel Formulations: Advancing Drug Delivery across Diverse Therapeutic Areas

“…Thermosensitive and bioadhesive gels containing lidocaine hydrochloride, for instance, are administered intraperitoneally to deliver targeted pain relief and anti-inflammatory effects within the peritoneal area [ 37 ]. Similarly, hydrogels with bupivacaine are injected intramuscularly or at specific nerve block sites to provide long-lasting pain control [ 39 , 40 ].…”

“…These are engineered to release their drug payload in response to specific environmental triggers, such as changes in the pH level or the redox state within the body. Examples include redox-active injectable gels [ 10 ] and hydrogels that modulate drug release according to pH fluctuations [ 39 ].…”

“…This hydrogel was evaluated for its in vitro dissolution and in vivo analgesic effect in rats, providing extended pain relief for up to 44h. This suggests the potential for prolonged postoperative pain management with less need for repeated medication [ 39 ].…”

“…Research in neuroendocrine disorders and acromegaly has demonstrated a shift towards long-acting formulations, such as lanreotide Autogel, to ensure consistent and manageable treatment options for patients, with the goal of optimizing therapeutic effectiveness and improving quality of life [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. The investigation into ophthalmic applications and pain management reveals a significant demand for long-acting gels to improve adherence to treatment, reduce the frequency of administration, and increase patient comfort in managing conditions like glaucoma and chronic pain [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Organic–inorganic composite hydrogels: compositions, properties, and applications in regenerative medicine

“…Consequently, various demands have been proposed for hydrogel fabrication regarding their compositions, crosslinked networks, mechanical properties, degradation behaviors, and tissue-guiding/inducing activities, etc . To meet these demands, researchers have proposed various material systems, including blends, 10 copolymers, 11 and graft modifications. 12 Simultaneously, several crosslinking strategies such as physical interactions, 13 covalent crosslinking, 14 and dynamic crosslinking, 15 are properly combined to develop composite hydrogels with tailored biological functions.…”