Achieving Inkjet‐Printed 2D Tin Iodide Perovskites: Excitonic and Electro‐Optical Properties

Abstract

Currently, there is a great demand for non‐toxic lead‐free halide perovskites as active materials for solar cells, light‐emitting diodes and other optoelectronic devices. Although an essential progress has been made using tin(II) halide perovskites, still greater efforts are needed to improve their stability and manufacture films and devices under a scalable technology. The first goal of the work is to achieve suitable physical properties of 2D Sn(II) polycrystalline perovskite films obtained by the industrially scalable inkjet printing deposition technique. In the present work, inks of 2D tin(II) halide perovskite 2‐thiopheneethylammonium tin(II) iodide, TEA2SnI4, have been successfully formulated in DMF (toxic) and DMSO (non‐toxic) solutions and using appropriate additives (SnF2 and reducing agents) for improving the stability of the inks and the resulting films. Room‐ and low‐temperature excitonic photoluminescence (PL), charge carrier recombination dynamics and µ‐PL is used to explain the observed two excitonic bands, which are associated to the bulk and edges of perovskite grains nanoplatelet‐like composing the polycrystalline films. Promising electro‐optical properties are also obtained in the TEA2SnI4 films inkjet‐printed from DMSO formulations onto ITO‐interdigitated electrodes, such as low dark currents, ≈10 – 20 nA at 10 V of bias voltage, and high responsivities ≈1–20 A/W.