Achieving global biodiversity goals by 2050 requires urgent and integrated actions

Leadley, Paul; Gonzalez, Andrew; Obura, David; Krug, Cornelia B.; Londoño-Murcia, María Cecilia; Millette, Katie L.; Radulovici, Adriana; Rankovic, Aleksandar; Shannon, Lynne J.; Archer, Emma; Armah, Frederick Ato; Bax, Nicholas J.; Chaudhari, Kalpana; Costello, Mark J.; Dávalos, Liliana M.; Roque, Fábio de Oliveira; DeClerck, Fabrice; Dee, Laura E.; Essl, Franz; Ferrier, Simon; Genovesi, Piero; Guariguata, Manuel R.; Hashimoto, Shizuka; Speranza, Chinwe Ifejika; Isbell, Forest; Kok, Marcel; Lavery, Shane; Leclère, David; Loyola, Rafael; Lwasa, Shuaib; McGeoch, Melodie A.; Mori, Akira; Nicholson, Emily; Torre, José Manuel Ochoa de la; Öllerer, Kinga; Polasky, Stephen; Rondinini, Carlo; Schroer, Sibylle; Selomane, Odirilwe; Shen, Xiaoli; Strassburg, Bernardo B. N.; Sumaila, U. Rashid; Tittensor, Derek P.; Turak, Eren; Urbina, Luis; Vallejos, María; Vázquez‐Domínguez, Ella; Verburg, Peter H.; Visconti, Piero; Woodley, Stephen; Xu, Jianchu

doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2022.05.009

Cited by 71 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The GBF's goals reflect major desired outcomes, such as halting anthropogenic species extinctions; the associated targets correspond to categories of conservation actions (e.g., protection of 30% of land and waters, the "30x30" target) that address major drivers of biodiversity loss. The GBF's 6 indicators are designed to track biodiversity status and better understand the effectiveness of conservation actions and linkages between drivers of biodiversity loss (Leadley et al 2022).…”

Section: Learn From the Strengths And Limitations Of Previous Global ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We briefly review these categories of information here and refer readers to recent reviews for further information (Leadley et al 2022, GEOBON 2015. These categories can be considered sequentially, with the latter elements building on information developed in the initial stages.…”

Section: Create a Comprehensive Summary Of Status And Trends At Multi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comprehensive NNA should not only address the levels of biodiversity (ecosystems, species, genetic diversity) individually but also analyze interactions across levels (e.g., effects of species loss on ecosystem integrity) and interlinked responses to drivers of biodiversity loss (Table 2) (Leadley et al 2022).…”

Section: Create a Comprehensive Summary Of Status And Trends At Multi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ten Steps to an Effective National Nature Assessment

Carroll¹,

Noss²,

Dreiss³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Comprehensive biodiversity assessments play an essential role in strengthening global and national conservation strategies. The recently-announced US National Nature Assessment provides a unique opportunity to bridge the gap between research and conservation practice and communicate the extent of the US biodiversity crisis to the public. Recent global assessments provide a model for synthesizing information on status and trends at multiple levels of biodiversity with data on drivers of biodiversity loss and pathways to their mitigation. The US national assessment can augment such global analyses and avoid the pitfalls encountered by previous US efforts by ensuring policy-relevant design, data accessibility, and inclusivity in both process and product, and by incorporating spatial data relevant to both national and subnational audiences. By considering and incorporating the diverse ways in which society values and benefits from nature, the assessment can foster broad-based support for transformative change in humanity’s relationship to the natural world.

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Section: Learn From the Strengths And Limitations Of Previous Global ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Create a Comprehensive Summary Of Status And Trends At Multi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Create a Comprehensive Summary Of Status And Trends At Multi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ten Steps to an Effective National Nature Assessment

Carroll¹,

Noss²,

Dreiss³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The loss of ecological function in such areas is incompatible with numerous sustainable development goals 8 . Conservation efforts should better balance the efforts between natural ecosystems and functioning of human-dominated ecosystems to achieve the overall objectives 9,10 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The extinction of ecological function in such a large area is incompatible with numerous sustainable development goals 8 . Conservation efforts should better balance the diversity of important conservation objectives requiring discrete, if not often context specific, interventions 9,10 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Biosphere functional integrity for people and Planet

Mohamed

DeClerck

Verburg

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Defining a safe and just space for the biosphere requires global-scale synthetic measures of functional integrity in relation to Natures Contributions to People (NCP). We estimated, based on a systematic review of the literature, the minimum level of functional integrity needed to secure multiple critical ecosystem services, including pollination, pest and disease control, water quality regulation, soil protection and recreation, in human-modified landscapes. We found that at least 20-25% of relatively diverse semi-natural habitat in each km2 of land area is needed to maintain a minimum level of multiple NCP. Exact area, quality and configuration required is dependent on local context, and may differ based on landscape types and for individual NCP. Today, more than 60% of human-modified lands have less than 20% semi-natural habitat per km2 and thus require immediate attention to regenerate functional integrity.

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The Post‐2020 Global Biodiversity Framework: How did we get here, and where do we go next?

Hughes

2023

Integrative Conservation

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December 2022 finally saw the historic agreement of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM-GBF), a landmark framework that sets to halt and reverse global biodiversity loss by remedying the multifaceted drivers behind biodiversity declines around the planet. The KM-GBF follows on from the Aichi targets, which aimed to prevent further biodiversity loss through a concerted effort between 2010 and 2020, but which were not successfully achieved. The KM-GBF builds on the drivers of biodiversity losses rather than their outcomes and sets a suite of targeted and measurable actions to reconcile losses. Developing the framework faced considerable challenges, especially in the face of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and issues were often resolved at the very last moment. Consequently, compromises had to be made, useful elements were left out, or removed from the KM-GBF to achieve consensus, and some will need to be reflected in other ways, or incorporated into indicators. The final agreed KM-GBF includes 4 goals and 23 targets in addition to a package of annexes including a monitoring framework to set targets and benchmark progress. Particularly challenging issues included the flagship target of '30 × 30' of protecting 30% of land, freshwater, coastal, and high-sea in a representative way by 2030, which will require both new mechanisms and funding streams to enact effectively. Digital sequence information and funding mechanisms also presented major hurdles in the agreement of the KM-GBF. Ultimately, the success of the new GBF depends on implementation and mainstreaming. New targets can only be achieved through the inclusion of all sectors, clear communication, and effective funding mechanisms to guide change and provide the means to implement it. Furthermore, while common but differentiated responsibility is crucial to implementation, impacts of inaction are disproportionate in developing economies, and more resources and support are needed to enable them to develop sustainably and meet targets. This highlights the urgent need for action if we are to achieve the new targets and secure a future for all life on earth.

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Achieving global biodiversity goals by 2050 requires urgent and integrated actions

Cited by 71 publications

References 14 publications

Ten Steps to an Effective National Nature Assessment

Ten Steps to an Effective National Nature Assessment

Biosphere functional integrity for people and Planet

The Post‐2020 Global Biodiversity Framework: How did we get here, and where do we go next?

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