Achieving a highly efficient triboelectric nanogenerator via a charge reversion process

Abstract

A highly efficient TENG is achieved based on a charge reversion process arising from the electrostatic breakdown effect, which is supported by a modified dielectric capacitance model in theory, to improve the output performance.

Ultrahigh power generation from low-frequency and micro motion by suppressing air breakdown

“…1E and Table S1, ESI†). 5,33–38 Notably, such high output is achieved with a maximum separation distance of only 100 μm, resulting in an impressive volumetric energy density of 2890 J m −3 per cycle and a volumetric average power density of 1520 W m −3 Hz −1 , which are much higher than determined in previous works (Fig. S2, ESI†).…”

Triboelectric nanogenerators exhibiting ultrahigh charge density and energy density

“…This is primarily attributed to the high theoretical charge density of the P(VDF–TrFE–CFE) film, which makes air breakdown less likely to occur, thereby mitigating performance degradation due to charge reversion caused by air breakdown even without using a Zener diode. 24 These findings collectively demonstrate that the SCE-TENG with the P(VDF–TrFE–CFE) film is capable of exceptional and comprehensive performance suitable for practical applications.…”

“…However, based on these well-developed techniques, conventional triboelectric materials limit the further substantial improvement of charge density in TENGs, owing to the inevitable occurrence of air breakdown under high charge density conditions and even the subsequent charge reversion effect. 24 While air breakdown has been widely studied in the past, effectively avoiding it remains challenging. Recently, Wu et al successfully reduced the hazard influence of air breakdown by using a carbon powder-polyvinylidene difluoride (C–PVDF) composite film to dissipate the deposition charge on the dielectric film surface induced by air breakdown.…”

Understanding contact electrification via direct covalent bond cleavage of polymer chains for ultrahigh electrostatic charge density

“…Owing to the versatile material choice, flexible structural design, unrigorous assembly/package requirements and excellent output performance under low-frequency conditions, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on coupled effects of contact electrification (CE) and electrostatic induction are rapidly emerging as some of the most promising ambient mechanical energy harvesters for diversified applications in wireless, wearable and portable electronics with self-powered characteristics. 7–9…”