Achievement of optimal aluminum flake orientation by the use of special cubic experimental design

Karbasi, Ali; Moradian, Siamak; Tahmassebi, N.; Ghodsi, Payam

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.06.008

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A decisive role is played by the paint formulation and application conditions [14]. The pigment orientation leads to the flop-effect [15], meaning that the maximum brilliance is observable close to the gloss angle, while the object appears darker when viewed from a different angle. Three-dimensional objects such as car bodies appear much more sculpted and of higher quality.…”

Section: The Aluminium Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to optical properties, other requirements are related to mechanical properties [15], humidity resistance, intercoat adhesion, electrical resistance (in automotive parts [16]), shock-proof (in TV cabinet coatings), chemical resistance (in consumer electronics, appliances, automotive interior), weather resistance (for external use). Numerous aesthetical, physical and chemical requirements make the difference between low-and highvalue pigments.…”

Section: The Aluminium Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Treatment of Aluminium Pigments with Inorganic Polymers for Environment-Friendly Applications

Dragnea¹,

Gudovan²,

Zaharia³

et al. 2019

Rev. Chim.

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Aluminium pigments are used in industrial and decorative coatings, automotive industry and printing inks. The encapsulation of aluminium pigments is used because the industry wants to avoid the organic solvents, for environmental reasons, by shifting towards water-borne systems. However, aluminium pigments easily react with water and a large amount of hydrogen is released leading to degradation of optical properties. This work presents experimental results concerning the encapsulation of aluminium pigments in silica matrices, by a sol-gel method using TEOS as precursor and ethylendiamine or ammonia as catalysts for the hydrolysis and condensation reactions. The samples of encapsulated pigments were characterized by gas stability tests: a boiling method and a gassing method.

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Section: The Aluminium Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Aluminium Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Treatment of Aluminium Pigments with Inorganic Polymers for Environment-Friendly Applications

Dragnea¹,

Gudovan²,

Zaharia³

et al. 2019

Rev. Chim.

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“…Factors affecting flop index are the shape and the size of pigment particles and the way they are laid down. 7,[22][23][24] The observational angles are grouped into three categories: ''Near Specular'': 158 or 258, ''Mid Specular'' (or diffuse: 458), and ''Far Specular'': 758 or 1108 and correlate to the instrumental viewing angles. 25 In quality control, at least two (or better three) angles should be used to characterize the appearance of effect pigments.…”

Section: Flop Index Of Effect Pigmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of effect pigments for quality enhancement of offset printed specialty papers

Debeljak

Hladnik

Černe

et al. 2012

Color Research & Application

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Nowadays, effect pigments are widely used in many printing industries. The colorful effects produced by light scattering of these types of pigments add an additional value to the prints and enhances the overall quality of color appearance. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality enhancement of printed specialty papers with various effect pigments in combination with offset inks. Four different effect pigments were used (one luster pigment-EP1, two interference pigments-EP2, EP3, and one multicolor pigment-EP4) as well as two types of paper substrates (film synthetic paper and wood-free paper). The effect pigments were overprinted on dried CMYK offset prints on both paper substrates. The following analysis were performed: scanning electron microscopy analysis of effect pigment particles, contact angles of papers and offset prints, Fourier transform infrared spectrocopy (FTIR), principal components analysis (principal components analysis (PCA)), and flop index analysis of overprinted effect pigments, and paper and print gloss. The results of the experiment indicate that effect pigments behaved differently on different printing substrates. From the FTIR and PCA, it was found that the different composition of effect pigments differently influence the behavior of these particles on the final prints. Effect pigments overprinted on offset CMYK inks on both paper substrates enhance print gloss, except interference pigment EP2 on film synthetic paper. It was also found that the ink color has the most pronounced influence on flop index, followed by the paper type and the type of effect pigment. Higher flop index was obtained at wood-free paper, especially by overprinted pigment EP2.

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“…Lamellar (plate-like) aluminium pigments are the most famous silver bronze type pigments which have been widely used in the field of plastic, printing ink and paint industries for many years due to their shiny appearance, excellent mechanical properties and low price [1,2]. The aluminium pigments can be produced by grinding the atomized aluminium powder in a ball mill with a solvent and the thickness and diameter of the pigments are usually about 0.2 µm and 10-50 µm, respectively [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Aluminum Flakes with Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid: Studying the Surface Characteristics and Corrosion Behavior of the Pigment in the Epoxy Coating

Jalili¹,

Rostami²,

Ramezanzadeh³

2015

CORROSION

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Aluminium flake was modified with 0.25 M amino trimethylen phosphonic acid to enhance its corrosion resistance. The surface chemistry of the unmodified and modified pigments was evaluated by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and contact angle measuring device. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was utilized to investigate the corrosion resistance of the aluminium flakes in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Results obtained from XPS analysis revealed that the amino trimethylen phosphonic acid molecules adsorbed on the surface of aluminium flakes via acid-base interaction in a bi-dentate conformation.Also, the corrosion resistance of the pigment was significantly enhanced after surface modification. Results showed that the maximum adsorption of amino trimethylen phosphonic acid on the surface of pigment was observed after 12 h treatment. The electrochemical measurements showed higher corrosion resistance of the modified particles than the unmodified one. The effects of addition of unmodified and modified pigments on the corrosion protection properties of the epoxy coating were also studied by EIS and salt spray test. It was shown that the unmodified Al pigment did not provide promising corrosion protection properties but the surface modified pigment promoted the corrosion resistance of the coating significantly. the coatings were applied on the pre-cleaned (abraded by emery papers of 800 and 2000 followed by acetone degreasing) steel substrates and cured at 120 °C for 30 min. The dry thickness of the coatings was 60±5 µm.

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Achievement of optimal aluminum flake orientation by the use of special cubic experimental design

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

The Treatment of Aluminium Pigments with Inorganic Polymers for Environment-Friendly Applications

The Treatment of Aluminium Pigments with Inorganic Polymers for Environment-Friendly Applications

Use of effect pigments for quality enhancement of offset printed specialty papers

Surface Modification of Aluminum Flakes with Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid: Studying the Surface Characteristics and Corrosion Behavior of the Pigment in the Epoxy Coating

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