Acetylation of Wood with Various Catalysts

Çetin, Nihat Sami; Özmen, Nilgül; Birinci, Emre

doi:10.1080/02773813.2010.503981

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Acetic anhydride is one of the most frequently used chemical reagents for wood esterification with high cost efficiency (Rowell 1983;Waldermar and André 2004;Jebrane et al 2011). The accessible hydroxyl groups in the wood cell wall are esterified with or without catalysts, and acetic acid is formed as a byproduct (Rowell 2006;Cetin et al 2011;Ozmen and Cetin 2012). At a weight gain greater than 17%, the acetylated wood has very good dimensional stability and resistance to fungal attack (Papadopoulos and Hill 2003;Papadopoulos 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional Stability and Mechanical Properties of Plantation Poplar Wood Esterified Using Acetic Anhydride

et al. 2016

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Plantation poplar (Populus ussuriensis) wood was esterified using acetic anhydride without catalysts to improve its dimensional stability. The effects of acetylation temperature (100 °C, 120 °C, and 140 °C) on the dimensional stability, mechanical properties, microstructure, and functional groups of the resulting acetylated wood were systematically investigated. Results showed that the wood acetylated at 100 °C and 120 °C had an improved dimensional stability and comparable mechanical properties to those of the control wood. Wood acetylated at 140 °C had an improved dimensional stability and decreased mechanical properties as compared to those of the control wood. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis showed that the wood acetylated at 140 °C had obviously different microstructures than the control wood and the wood acetylated at 100 °C and 120 °C. The changes of functional groups in the acetylated wood were revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The -OH groups of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin all were shown to participate in the acetylation reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional Stability and Mechanical Properties of Plantation Poplar Wood Esterified Using Acetic Anhydride

et al. 2016

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“…Many wood modification reactions have been studied, of which the most useful are those that include reaction with epoxides, anhydrides, or isocyanates (Hon 1996;Rowell 2006b;Çetin 2000;Çetin and Özmen 2001;Çetin et al 2005;Hill 2006;Özmen et al 2007). Maritime pine, Scots pine sapwood, and hemp fibers have recently been successfully acetylated with a new transesterification reaction using vinyl acetate in the presence of various catalysts such as potassium acetate, potassium carbonate, and sodium carbonate (Jebrane and Sebe 2007;Jebrane et al 2011;Çetin et al 2011;Özmen 2012). In the literature, there are some papers dealing with acetic anhydride modified fiber reinforced polymer composites (Tserki et al 2006;Lisperguer et al 2007;Abdul Khalil et al 2007;Luz et al 2008;Mat Taib et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Wood Acetylation with Vinyl Acetate and Acetic Anhydride on the Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites

Özmen¹,

Çetin²,

Mengeloğlu³

et al. 2012

BioResources

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Chemical modifications of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) wood flour were performed with vinyl acetate (VA) and acetic anhydride (AA) in the presence of potassium carbonate as a catalyst. Scots pine wood flour samples were successfully acetylated with VA (19 wt% gain) and AA (24 wt% gain). The effect of chemical modification of the Scots pine wood flour with AA and VA on the mechanical properties of wood high-density polyethylene composites (WPC) was determined. It was observed that acetylation of wood flour allowed a significant increase in both the mechanical properties and the thermal stability of the WPCs. It was concluded that acetylation of lignocellulosic fibers improves thermal stability, dispersion in the polymer matrix, and compatibility with the polymer matrix.

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“…As suggested by Çetin and Ozmen [11], Çetin et al [20], and Jebrane and Sèbe [12], the VA-acetylated slicewood without catalyst gained hardly any weight. However, the WPG of VA-acetylated slicewood increases significantly to 5–9% when the PC content increased to 1%, and then the WPG increases with increasing PC contents up to 5%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Characterization and Thermal Stability of Acetylated Slicewood Production by Alkali-Catalyzed Esterification

Hung

Yang

et al. 2017

Materials

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This study was compared and characterized two different alkali (potassium carbonate (PC) and potassium acetate (PA))-catalyzed acetylations of slicewood with vinyl acetate (VA) by a vapor phase reaction. The results revealed that the esterification reaction between VA and the hydroxyl groups of slicewood could be improved by using PC or PA as a catalyst. Additionally, a significant weight percent gain was obtained after VA acetylation with 5% of catalyst. Furthermore, the reactivity of the cellulose hydroxyl groups for VA acetylation was more pronounced at the C2 reactive site compared to acetylation with acetic anhydride. On the other hand, the apparent activation energy of thermal decomposition between 10% and 70% conversion is 174–183, 194–200, and 183–186 kJ/mol for unmodified slicewood and VA-acetylated slicewood with PC and PA, respectively. Accordingly, the thermal stability of the slicewood could be effectively enhanced by VA acetylation, especially for using the PC as a catalyst.

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Acetylation of Wood with Various Catalysts

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Dimensional Stability and Mechanical Properties of Plantation Poplar Wood Esterified Using Acetic Anhydride

Dimensional Stability and Mechanical Properties of Plantation Poplar Wood Esterified Using Acetic Anhydride

Effect of Wood Acetylation with Vinyl Acetate and Acetic Anhydride on the Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites

Characterization and Thermal Stability of Acetylated Slicewood Production by Alkali-Catalyzed Esterification

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