Acetic Anhydride

Wagner, Frank S.

doi:10.1002/0471238961.0103052023010714.a03

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…Both carboxylic acids and anhydrides are reactive with water, alcohols, epoxides, and amines, which has led to their widespread use for multiple applications. For instance, acetic acid is commonly used as a solvent, and up to 40% of its annual production is consumed to manufacture acetic anhydride for use as an acetylation agent . Phthalic anhydride is commonly used to make plasticizers and thermal stabilizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), and it is also used as a monomer in the synthesis of alkyd resins. , Meanwhile, maleic anhydride, adipic acid, terephthalic acid, and isophthalic acid are used in the synthesis of polymers, including unsaturated polyesters, alkyd resins, nylon-6,6, and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Associated with United States Consumption of Organic Petrochemicals

Nicholson

Rorrer

Uekert

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The production of commodity organic chemicals today is both primarily sourced from and powered by fossil carbon resources. Toward decarbonization of this key global economic sector, it is imperative to quantitatively understand the contributions to energy usage and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions along the petrochemical manufacturing supply chain, which can inform judicious policy development and impactful technology options to improve or reimagine existing manufacturing practices. To that end, here we use the Materials Flows through Industry (MFI) tool to estimate the supply chain energy and GHG emissions for 51 organic petrochemicals and 6 intermediates that are globally produced at a capacity of at least 1 million metric tons (MMT) per year. This analysis focuses on supply chains in the United States, from which industrial data are readily sourced to obtain accurate energy and GHG emission estimates. Analysis for each chemical includes contributions from sourcing chemical feedstocks, electricity use, and fuel usage for transportation and manufacturing. This analysis predicts that process fuel, which is primarily used for heating, dominates GHG emissions in all cases except for chlorochemicals, where electricity is used extensively for the chloroalkali process and results in a large electricity GHG emission contribution ranging from 7 to 54% of total GHG emissions. Additionally, the contribution of electricity to GHG emissions ranges from 6 to 63%, representing the decarbonization potential in the transition toward renewable electricity with existing manufacturing processes. Taken together, these data serve as a critical baseline toward industrial decarbonization of the organic chemical sector, against which to compare changes to the electrical grid and industrial heat sources, improvements to existing technologies to manufacture the same chemicals, and new technologies to source alternative feedstocks to manufacture direct or functional replacement chemicals.

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