Acetic acid enhances drought tolerance more in female than in male willows

Xia, Linchao; Yao, Yuan; Zeng, Yi; Guo, Zian; Zhang, Sheng

doi:10.1111/ppl.13890

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 85 publications

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“…In further Salix species, however, female bias was also present in almost all populations but varied along biotic or abiotic environmental gradients (Bürli et al, 2022;Dawson & Bliss, 1989;Dudley, 2006;Elmqvist et al, 1988). In many female-biased Salix species, sexes differ in stress tolerance (e.g., Dawson & Bliss, 1989;Xia et al, 2023) and pathogen damage (e.g., Alliende, 1989;Boecklen et al, 1990;Moritz et al, 2016). It is unclear though, whether these differences contribute to female bias or, alternatively, are a consequence of physiological differences between sexes.…”

Section: Males and Females Are Ecologically And Morphologically Similarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female-biased population sex ratios caused by genetic rather than ecological mechanisms

Mao,

Cortés,

Rixen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract1. Biased sex ratios among reproductive individuals are common in plants, but the underlying mechanisms, as well as the evolutionary consequences, are not well understood. The classical theory of Düsing and Fisher predicts an equal primary sex ratio at seed production, based on the selective advantage of the rare sex. Biased sex ratios among reproductive plants can arise from sexual dimorphism in survival and flowering. Sex ratio biases can also be present from seed; in these cases, assumptions of Düsing’s and Fisher’s theory, for example, random mating or demographic equilibrium, were not met.2. We investigated mechanisms leading to female-biased sex ratios in the arctic-alpine dwarf willowSalix herbaceaL. We studied sex ratios in three natural populations over three years as well as in 29 crosses (full-sib families) under controlled conditions over four growth periods. We tested whether sex ratio was associated with germination, survival or flowering, and whether females and males differed in habitat, size or flowering.3. We detected a strong and consistent female bias, both in natural populations (sex ratio [proportion of females]: 0.71-0.82) and in our controlled experiment (overall sex ratio: 0.70-0-72). Our data did not support habitat segregation of the sexes or sexual dimorphism in size or flowering. Family sex ratios varied largely (from 0.25 to 1), including many female-biased families, but also unbiased families and two male-biased families. Families with lower germination, seedling establishment, survival or flowering did not have stronger female bias, indicating that intrinsically higher survival or flowering in females does not explain overall female bias.4. Synthesis. Our results suggest that sex ratio bias inS. herbaceais already present in seeds and does not arise through intrinsic differences between sexes. Candidate mechanisms that can lead to both overall female bias and variation in sex ratio among families are meiotic drive or cyto-nuclear interactions. The pioneer habit ofSalixmay lead to non-equilibrium population dynamics that allow for the long-term persistence of variable genetic sex ratio distortion systems that arise from genetic conflict.

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Section: Males and Females Are Ecologically And Morphologically Similarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female-biased population sex ratios caused by genetic rather than ecological mechanisms

Mao,

Cortés,

Rixen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Hexaploid Salix rehderiana is more suitable for remediating lead contamination than diploids, especially male plants

Yang,

Xia,

Zeng

et al. 2023

Chemosphere

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Drought responses and carbon allocation strategies of poplar with different leaf maturity

Yao,

Xia,

Yang

et al. 2024

Physiologia Plantarum

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Leaf characteristics can reflect the adaptation of trees to drought stress. However, the effect of leaf maturity on drought stress has been neglected, leading to uncertainty in inferring individual tree responses to drought from leaves. The allocation strategy of photosynthetic carbon between leaf organs (fully expanded young and old leaves) under drought stress remains unclear. Poplar is a diverse and widespread tree species in arid and semi‐arid regions. Here, three poplar genotypes (Populus cathayana, P. × euramericana ‘Nanlin 895’, and P. alba × P. tremula var. glandulosa) were selected and exposed to different watering regimes. The responses and carbon allocation strategies of leaves with different maturity to drought were investigated using a combination of leaf traits and 13C pulse labelling technique. The results showed that (1) fully expanded young leaves had better osmotic regulation and antioxidant capacity than aged leaves under drought stress. (2) Aged leaves acted as a carbon source during water deficit, where their photosynthetic products were transferred and supplied to upper young leaves to promote stronger photosynthesis in young leaves to acquire resources for tree growth. This study highlights that the effect of leaf maturity should be considered in the future when investigating the effects of drought on woody plants, especially for continuously growing tree species. Therefore, our study not only demonstrates the existence of leaf‐age‐dependent responses to drought in poplar but also provides new insights into carbon allocation at the leaf level.

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Acetic acid enhances drought tolerance more in female than in male willows

Cited by 3 publications

References 85 publications

Female-biased population sex ratios caused by genetic rather than ecological mechanisms

Female-biased population sex ratios caused by genetic rather than ecological mechanisms

Hexaploid Salix rehderiana is more suitable for remediating lead contamination than diploids, especially male plants

Drought responses and carbon allocation strategies of poplar with different leaf maturity

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