Acetazolamide-Induced Myopia at Altitude

Szawarski, Piotr; Hall-Thompson, Beth

doi:10.1580/08-weme-le-259r1.1

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In that case, serial visual examinations and attempted correction with lenses did not occur. 8 Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor within the sulfonamide drug class. It was initially used for its diuretic and gastric acid suppression properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myopic Changes in a Climber after Taking Acetazolamide and the Use of Corrective Lenses to Temporize Symptoms: A Case Report from Mount Kilimanjaro

Hill

2016

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

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When performing detailed tasks related to climbing or hiking, accurate vision is important for safety. Acetazolamide is a medication commonly used to prevent acute mountain sickness, but it has an uncommon side effect of transient myopia. Reports of this side effect are mainly associated with its use in obstetrics, where it is often prescribed in higher doses than used in acute mountain sickness prophylaxis. We describe the case of a climber taking low-dose acetazolamide who developed transient myopia. We further describe potential mechanisms of this rare side effect as well as a novel approach of field management utilizing possible materials at hand.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myopic Changes in a Climber after Taking Acetazolamide and the Use of Corrective Lenses to Temporize Symptoms: A Case Report from Mount Kilimanjaro

Hill

2016

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

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“…Less common are nausea, headache, and dizziness, which can unfortunately mimic the symptoms of AMS itself (Williamson et al, 2018) as well as GI distress with AZ (Lipman et al, 2019), and possibly occasional drowsiness and confusion (Simancas-Racines et al, 2018). Moderate, but more rare, events include ocular effects such as myopia (Szawarski and Hall-Thompson, 2009). Importantly, for a given dose, adverse reactions to AZ are quite variable across individuals.…”

Section: Adverse Reactions To Azmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altitude, Acute Mountain Sickness, and Acetazolamide: Recommendations for Rapid Ascent

Toussaint

Kenefick

Petrassi

et al. 2021

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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Background: Sea level natives ascending rapidly to altitudes above 1,500 m often develop acute mountain sickness (AMS), including nausea, headaches, fatigue, and lightheadedness. Acetazolamide (AZ), a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, is a commonly used medication for the prevention and treatment of AMS. However, there is continued debate about appropriate dosing, particularly when considering rapid and physically demanding ascents to elevations above 3,500 m by emergency medical and military personnel. Aims: Our goal in the present analysis was to evaluate and synthesize the current literature regarding the use of AZ to determine the most effective dosing for prophylaxis and treatment of AMS for rapid ascents to elevations >3,500 m. These circumstances are specifically relevant to military and emergency medical personnel who often need to ascend rapidly and perform physically demanding tasks upon arrival at altitude. Methods: We conducted a literature search from April 2018 to February 2020 using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials that compared AZ with placebo or other treatment with the primary endpoint of AMS incidence and severity. We included only research articles/studies that focused on evaluation of AZ use during rapid ascent. Results: Four doses of AZ (125, 250, 500, and 750 mg daily) were identified as efficacious in decreasing the incidence and/or severity of AMS during rapid ascents, with evidence of enhanced effectiveness with higher doses. Conclusions: For military, emergency medical, or other activities involving rapid ascent to altitudes >3,500 m, doses 500-750 mg/day within 24 hours of altitude exposure appear to be the most effective for minimizing symptoms of AMS.

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“…[10][11][12][13][14][15] Ase-tazolamid, topiramat, indapamid, sulfasalazin, metazolamid, ko-trimaksazol, etokszolamid, hidroklorotiazid, klortalidon, psikotropik ajanlar bu gruptadır. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Genellikle sulfanomid türevi ilaçların sistemik kullanımına bağlı geçici miyopi olguları bildirilirken sulfanomid içeren kremin vajinal absorbsiyonun sonucu miyopi gelişen olgu bildirimi de mevcuttur. [12] Bu ilaçların yanı sıra aripiprazol, sefiksim, izotretinoin, zanamivir , zolmitriptan, prometazin hidroklorid, proklorperazin, insulin, IGF1(Insuline growth factor) ve FGF2 (Fibroblast growth factor), antirombotikler, opiyatlar, tetrasiklin, amisulprid, oseltamivir, mefenamik asit, ekstazi, anoreksan olarak kullanılan fendimetrazin ve efedrin, equine antilymphocyte globulins, metronidazol, aspirin ve deturgilon, izosorbid dinitrat, kinin gibi ilaçlar da etiyolojide rol oynamaktadır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Drug-Induced Myopia: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment

2023

Güncel Retina (Current Retina)

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Myopia is one of the leading causes of visual impairment. Systemic agents cause myopia by three main mechanisms. It is an increase in the refractive power of the lens with ciliary muscle spasm, an increase in the refractive power of the lens with water retention, and finally the anterior displacement of the lens with swelling of the ciliary processes. Idiosyncratic reaction in uveal tissue is dose-independent and is the main pathology. In general, as a result of ciliochoroidal effusion, the ciliary body-lens-iris block is displaced anteriorly, and myopia occurs with the relaxation of the zonular fibers. Many drugs have been reported to cause this condition, and mostly sulfa derivatives cause myopia. Acetazolamide, topiramate, indapamide, sulfasalazine, methazolamide, co-trimaxazole, ethoxolamide, hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, psychotropic agents are in this group. In this review, the drugs that cause myopia and their pathological mechanisms and treatments will be explained.

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Acetazolamide-Induced Myopia at Altitude

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Myopic Changes in a Climber after Taking Acetazolamide and the Use of Corrective Lenses to Temporize Symptoms: A Case Report from Mount Kilimanjaro

Myopic Changes in a Climber after Taking Acetazolamide and the Use of Corrective Lenses to Temporize Symptoms: A Case Report from Mount Kilimanjaro

Altitude, Acute Mountain Sickness, and Acetazolamide: Recommendations for Rapid Ascent

Drug-Induced Myopia: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment

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