Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase‐Loaded Erythrocytes as Bioreactors for the Removal of Blood Acetaldehyde

Magnani, Mauro; Laguerre, M.; Rossi, Liliana; Bianchi, Marzia; Ninfali, Paolino; Mangani, Filippo; Ropars, C.

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1989.tb00436.x

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…2. As a "circulating bioreactor" to which the substrate(s) can enter and after completion of the enzymatic reaction, the product(s) can be released out (4,5,22,26,52,66,85,86). 3.…”

Section: Enzyme Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one study, injection of the erythrocytes loaded by ALA-D to lead-intoxicated animals has resulted in significant relief of the toxicity symptoms (84). Among the other applications of enzyme-loaded erythrocytes, the use of galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase in inborn galactosemia (77), acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in alcoholism (85), urease in renal failure (66), and uricase in hyperurisemia (86) have been exploited.…”

Section: Enzyme Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carrier Erythrocytes: An Overview

2003

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Application of erythrocytes, the most abundant cells of the human body with desirable physiologic and morphologic characteristics, in drug delivery has been exploited extensively. These cellular carriers, having remarkable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and life-span in circulation, can be loaded by a wide spectrum of compounds of therapeutic value using different chemically, as well as physically, based methods. Most of the characteristics of the erythrocytes, including shape, membrane fragility, deformability, and hematologic indices undergo some degree of irreversible changes during the loading procedure. The efflux pattern of the encapsulated compounds from the carrier erythrocytes covers a wide range between a relatively rapid release (complete release within a few hours) and no detectable release until the cell lysis. A series of methods have been tested successfully for improvement of in vitro storability of the carrier erythrocytes without any significant changes in cell biology as well as drug delivery efficacy. Carrier erythrocytes have been exploited for several potential applications, including intravenous slow release of therapeutic agents, enzyme therapy, drug targeting to reticuloendothelial system (RES), improvement of oxygen delivery to tissues, and preparation of fused cells.

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“…2. As a "circulating bioreactor" to which the substrate(s) can enter and after completion of the enzymatic reaction, the product(s) can be released out (4,5,22,26,52,66,85,86). 3.…”

Section: Enzyme Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enzyme Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrier Erythrocytes: An Overview

2003

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“…Recent studies have indicated that acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, may be responsible for a variety of adverse effects of ethanol (2)(3)(4)(5). High concentrations of acetaldehyde have been found to occur inside the erythrocytes of alcoholics, which may suggest a role for erythrocytes as bioreactors to remove acetaldehyde formed upon ethanol consumption (6)(7)(8). A number of previous in vitro studies have further shown that acetaldehyde is able to bind and form covalent adducts with proteins and cellular constituents (9)(10)(11), including hemoglobin protein (12) and erythrocyte membranes (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetaldehyde Adducts in Blood and Bone Marrow of Patients With Ethanol-Induced Erythrocyte Abnormalities

Latvala

Parkkila

Melkko

et al. 2001

Mol Med

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Background: Although alcohol abuse is known to cause a wide array of adverse effects on blood cell formation, the molecular mechanisms by which alcohol exerts its toxic actions remain poorly defined. We examine here the formation of acetaldehyde-derived protein modifications in erythrocytes and in their bone marrow precursors using antibodies specifically recognizing acetaldehyde-modified epitopes in proteins independently of the nature of the carrier protein. Materials and Methods: We studied 138 consecutive adult patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration due to macrocytosis (MCV values above 99 fL). Assessment included complete blood counts, morphologic review, assessment of alcohol consumption, and biochemical and immunocytochemical assays for acetaldehyde adducts. Results: There were 68 patients (49%) with a history of excessive alcohol consumption, 28 (20%) of whom were patients with severe dependence. The blood smears prepared from the alcoholic patients with macrocytosis also

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“…Erythrocytes loaded with aldehyde dehydrogenase were shown to favor the depletion of acetaldehyde and ethanol in normal or alcoholic mice (48), while alcohol oxidase-loaded RBC were efficiently used to deplete methanol and formaldehyde during methanol poisoning (49), as well the co-entrapment of glucose oxidase and hexokinase was found to be effective in the glycaemia regulation (50). To concern the targeting of enzymes to phagocyic cells, galactosidase (51) and glucuronidase-loaded RBC (52) were efficaciously targeted to macrophages for the treatment of LSD.…”

Section: Red Blood Cells As Enzyme Carriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug delivery by red blood cells

et al. 2011

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SummaryDrug delivery is a growing field of interdisciplinary activities that combine the use of new materials with the biochemical properties of selected drugs, with the aim of improving their therapeutic action and reducing their toxicity. In few cases, proper medical devices have been also realized to implement new drug delivery modalities. In this article, we have summarized available information and our experience on the use of autologous Red Blood Cells as carriers for drugs to be released within the vascular system. This is not a comprehensive review, but it focusses on the mechanisms that are available to distribute drugs in circulation by carrier red blood cells and provide illustrative examples on how this is currently obtained. We have not included a summary of clinical data collected in recent years using this technology but simply provided proper references for the interested readers. Finally, a special attention is devoted to the possibility of entrapping, into autologous red blood cells, recombinant drug-binding proteins. This new strategy is opening the way at a new modality to influence the vascular distribution of drugs by realizing a dynamic circulating container (the engineered red cell) capable of reversible binding and transportation of one or more drugs of interest selected on the bases of the red cell entrapped target proteins. This new modality is not yet fully developed and explored but will certainly provide a technical solution to the problem of stabilizing drug concentration in circulation improving drug efficacy and reducing drug toxicity.

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Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase‐Loaded Erythrocytes as Bioreactors for the Removal of Blood Acetaldehyde

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

Carrier Erythrocytes: An Overview

Carrier Erythrocytes: An Overview

Acetaldehyde Adducts in Blood and Bone Marrow of Patients With Ethanol-Induced Erythrocyte Abnormalities

Drug delivery by red blood cells

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