Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Protects against Exacerbation of Allergic Asthma Due toBordetella pertussisin a Murine Model

Abstract

The prevalence of asthma and allergic disease has increased in many countries, and there has been speculation that immunization promotes allergic sensitization. Bordetella pertussis infection exacerbates allergic asthmatic responses. We investigated whether acellular pertussis vaccine (Pa) enhanced or prevented B. pertussis-induced exacerbation of allergic asthma. Groups of mice were immunized with Pa, infected with B. pertussis, and/or sensitized to ovalbumin. Immunological, pathological, and physiological changes were measured to assess the impact of immunization on immune deviation and airway function. We demonstrate that immunization did not enhance ovalbumin-specific serum immunoglobulin E production. Histopathological examination revealed that immunization reduced the severity of airway pathology associated with sensitization in the context of infection and decreased bronchial hyperreactivity upon methacholine exposure of infected and sensitized mice. These data demonstrate unequivocally the benefit of Pa immunization to health and justify selection of Pa in mass vaccination protocols. In the absence of infection, the Pa used in this study enhanced the interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-13 responses and influenced airway hyperresponsiveness to sensitizing antigen; however, these data do not suggest that Pa contributes to childhood asthma overall. On the contrary, wild-type virulent B. pertussis is still circulating in most countries, and our data suggest that the major influence of Pa is to protect against the powerful exacerbation of asthma-like pathology induced by B. pertussis.

Effects of a Diphtheria-Tetanus-Acellular Pertussis Vaccine on Immune Responses in Murine Local Lymph Node and Lung Allergy Models

“…DTaP vaccination did not affect these responses, suggesting that this vaccine, at least using the protocol described here, does not modulate protein-induced lung allergy. Our data are in agreement with those of Ennis et al (12), who observed that an acellular pertussis vaccine did not modulate OVA-specific IgE and lung pathology in a murine lung allergy model. These authors did observe, however, an increase in IL-10 and IL-13 production by OVA-stimulated spleen cells and in the BALF.…”

“…Still, the increase in total serum IgE and altered LLNA responses found in the present study, as well as the induction of IL-10 and IL-13 VOL. 14,2007 VACCINATION EFFECTS IN TWO ALLERGY MODELS 217 observed by others (12), may suggest that unwanted side effects do occur, again supporting further investigation in humans.…”

γδ T Cells Regulate the Early Inflammatory Response toBordetella pertussisInfection in the Murine Respiratory Tract

“…However, the observed IL-4-dominated response to FHA seen in this study may reflect a loss of a ␥␦ T cell-dendritic cell interaction involving FHA. This would support previous findings suggesting that such an interaction results in IL-10 production (13,31,51).…”

A Live AttenuatedBordetella pertussisCandidate Vaccine Does Not Cause Disseminating Infection in Gamma Interferon Receptor Knockout Mice

“…Current Pa vaccines have been shown to induce T H 2-type responses (14,15,30). T H 1-dominated immune responses have been linked with optimal immunity against B. pertussis (2,4,7,34).…”

“…Lung tissue was fixed, embedded, and stained using hematoxylin and eosin. Histology was scored using a previously described semiquantitative system (14).…”