ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level with Progression of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Shaker, Olfat; Ismail, Magda M. F.; Ashour, Esmat; Yousif, Heba Mourad; Afify, Mie; Gouda, Weaam

doi:10.24297/jac.v9i3.1009

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In Palestine, the D/D genotype was the most frequent genotype as demonstrated by the present study and this result is also similar to other studies [8,12], as it was shown to be the most frequent genotype in Iraq [13], while the I/D genotype was the most frequent genotype in Turkey [14] and the UAE [6]. Some countries like Egypt [15,16] have an inconstant frequency for the genotypes, and this may be related to the sample size, the population of the study or the techniques used in the determination of ACE gene polymorphism. However, other countries the distribution of the genotypes is constant, such as Palestine [12] and Iraq [13], also in this study ACE alleles frequency compared to different studies, where D allele was more frequent in this study and other studies [6,[12][13][14], whereas the I allele had the highest frequency in another study [16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In this study, there was no statistically significant association between ACE genotypes with HD in T2DM patients and this is similar to other studies such as in Tunisia [20], but is dissimilar to other studies conducted in Tunisia [10], Egypt [16] and Iraqi [13], which found an increase inT2DM risk in D/D genotype individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Some countries like Egypt [15,16] have an inconstant frequency for the genotypes, and this may be related to the sample size, the population of the study or the techniques used in the determination of ACE gene polymorphism. However, other countries the distribution of the genotypes is constant, such as Palestine [12] and Iraq [13], also in this study ACE alleles frequency compared to different studies, where D allele was more frequent in this study and other studies [6,[12][13][14], whereas the I allele had the highest frequency in another study [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insertion / Deletion Polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Does Not Contribute to Chronic Kidney Disease in Palestine

et al. 2018

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Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is progressive kidney damage in which the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases by 15% of that performed by normal kidneys, with the result that the kidneys are no longer to function effectively and this condition is treated with either kidney transplantation or dialysis. Hemodialysis (HD) is a process in which the blood passes through a machine (dialyzer) to remove waste. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) is one of the major components of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) that is responsible for blood pressure regulation. Insertion/Deletion I/D polymorphism of a 287 bp Alu repeat sequence in introns 16 of the ACE gene results in three genotypes I/D, D/D and I/I. The aims of this study were to evaluate ACE genotypes and allele frequency among HD patients and control subjects and to examine the association between ACE genotypes with HD risk. Methods: A retrospective casecontrol study included 186 subjects, 86 HD patients and 100 healthy individuals as a control. EDTA whole blood samples were collected from all participants for DNA extraction, and the ACE gene polymorphism was analyzed by using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Additionally, all individuals were requested to complete the questionnaire. Results: The initial results demonstrated that the D/D genotype was the most common genotype in all subjects and the association between ACE genotypes with HD occurrence was not statistically significant in the Gaza Strip-Palestine. Furthermore, no statistically significant association was detected between the polymorphism and the study groups (p-value = 0.511).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insertion / Deletion Polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Does Not Contribute to Chronic Kidney Disease in Palestine

et al. 2018

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“…Consequently, genotype I/I for the ACE polymorphism could be a reduced risk marker, meaning that patients are less likely to develop DN during the course of T2DM (Boright et al, 2005;Freathy et al, 2006;Bhaskar et al, 2013;Shaker et al, 2014;Mizuiri et al, 1995;Verlengia et al, 2014). Our study demonstrated that the D/D genotype evaluated separately is a marker for predicting the susceptibility to DN of T2DM carriers even after adjustments for potential confounders, such as gender, age, and mainly duration of diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Research Article <i>ACE</i> insertion/deletion polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy: an evidence-based meta-analysis

Silveira¹,

Silva²,

Azevedo³

et al. 2019

Genet. Mol. Res.

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The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism could influence predisposition for diabetic nephropathy (DN) by vascular modulation in the kidney, through a direct effect on cellular hypertrophy. However, studies on the association between this polymorphism and DN report conflicting results. To help determine if this association exists, we conducted a meta-analysis. Published studies until 2018 were researched from electronic databases PubMed/NCBI and Cochrane Library. Thirty studies including 4,774 DN cases and 4,357 individuals without DN were included in this meta-analysis. Extraction of data from all eligible publications was performed by two investigators independently, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We used the statistical software "R" by the overall odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval to evaluate the association of ACE I/D polymorphism with a possible risk towards DN development. We included various genetic model analyses, sensitivity analyses, and assessments of bias in our meta-L.C. Silveira et al. 2analysis. We found a significant association for ACE I/D polymorphism; the D allele is a predisposing factor for DN in diabetic patients. The risk for development of diabetes complications, such as DN, is highly complex and could be considered multifactorial. In summary, our meta-analysis shows that the ACE I/D polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to DN.

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“…, Iran9 , Tunisia29 , Turkey30 , South India31 and others who have all failed to confirm the association of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism with diabetic nephropathy. On the other hand, a strong association between the ACED/D genotype and/or the D allele and the risk for nephropathy in T2DM was found in Egypt23 , Iraq25 , Pakistan27 , South Indian 32 , Bahrain33 and Japan34 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy in Gaza Strip-Palestine

Abuaisha

Marzoq

Fayyad

et al. 2018

Asian J. Health. Sci.

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Introduction: The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of 287 bp Alu repeat sequence in intron 16 of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) gene resulting in three genotypes I/D, D/D and I/I. ACE gene expression is associated with ACE levels in cells and in the plasma. It indicated that the polymorphism may modulate the expression of the ACE gene. The D/D genotype is believed to confer deleterious effect to many pathogenesis, also, it might be a cause-effect for type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN). In this study, we evaluated the frequency of the different genotypes of ACE gene and investigated if there is an association between ACE gene polymorphism and T2DN by comparing the genotypes results of T2DN patients to healthy control, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nephropathy patients in Gaza Strip. Methodology: The study included 170 subjects, consisting of 43 T2DM patients undergoing dialysis "T2DN" compared to 41 T2DM patients who were not undergoing dialysis, 43 patients undergoing dialysis without T2DM and 43 healthy individuals. Blood samples were collected in EDTA tubes for DNA extraction. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to detect ACE gene polymorphism. All subjects were asked to fill the questionnaire interview. Results and Conclusion: The initial results showed that there is no statistically significant association between ACE genotypes and T2DN, also between the T2DM and nephropathy when compared to the healthy control (p> 0.05). The (D/D) genotype was the most frequent in all study groups. Moreover, no association was observed between ACE genotypes and gender, diabetic nephropathy, nephropathy, diabetes, hypertension, obesity and various other diabetes complications.

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ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level with Progression of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Insertion / Deletion Polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Does Not Contribute to Chronic Kidney Disease in Palestine

Insertion / Deletion Polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Does Not Contribute to Chronic Kidney Disease in Palestine

Research Article <i>ACE</i> insertion/deletion polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy: an evidence-based meta-analysis

Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy in Gaza Strip-Palestine

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