Accurately Mapping Image Charge and Calibrating Ion Velocity in Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry

Gustafson, Elaura; Murray, Halle V.; Caldwell, Tabitha; Austin, Daniel E.

doi:10.1021/jasms.0c00263

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Charge detection mass spectrometry (CDMS) instruments are expressly designed for high-quality charge measurements of individual ions. Ions pass through cylindrical or other, similar “enclosing” pickup electrode(s) and induce a current proportional to the ion charge that is not sensitive to ion position or velocity, − enabling higher-precision charge measurements than FTICR or Orbitrap-based methods. State-of-the-art CDMS instruments incorporate this detection electrode between the trapping electrodes of an electrostatic ion trap. − In this configuration, the charges of individual ions can be resolved directly from signal amplitude measurements , with a precision of ±0.2 e demonstrated in a 1.5 s trapping period .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Energy Measurements in Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry Eliminate Adverse Effects of Ion–Ion Interactions

et al. 2023

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Ion−ion interactions in charge detection mass spectrometers that use electrostatic traps to measure masses of individual ions have not been reported previously, although ion trajectory simulations have shown that these types of interactions affect ion energies and thereby degrade measurement performance.Here, examples of interactions between simultaneously trapped ions that have masses ranging from ca. 2 to 350 MDa and ca. 100 to 1000 charges are studied in detail using a dynamic measurement method that makes it possible to track the evolution of the mass, charge, and energy of individual ions over their trapping lifetimes. Signals from ions that have similar oscillation frequencies can have overlapping spectral leakage artifacts that result in slightly increased uncertainties in the mass determination, but these effects can be mitigated by the careful choice of parameters used in the short-time Fourier transform analysis. Energy transfers between physically interacting ions are also observed and quantified with individual ion energy measurement resolution as high as ∼950. The mass and charge of interacting ions do not change, and their corresponding measurement uncertainties are equivalent to ions that do not undergo physical interactions. Simultaneous trapping of multiple ions in CDMS can greatly decrease the acquisition time necessary to accumulate a statistically meaningful number of individual ion measurements. These results demonstrate that while ion−ion interactions can occur when multiple ions are trapped, they have negligible effects on mass accuracy when using the dynamic measurement method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Energy Measurements in Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry Eliminate Adverse Effects of Ion–Ion Interactions

et al. 2023

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“…The low duty cycles inherent to this trap design have a notable effect on the amplitudes observed in the FT analysis typically used to analyze CDMS ion signals. To simulate ion signals and characterize these effects, the shape of the pulse generated by an ion passing through a cylindrical detection electrode was modeled using the Shockley–Ramo theorem, − as has been done in other CDMS simulation work. ,,, Multiple simulated pulses are concatenated with different intervening “off” times to produce simulated ion signals with variable duty cycle. Figure shows how the distribution of amplitudes among the harmonics of simulated ion signals changes as a function of the duty cycle of a 10 kHz simulated signal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Multiharmonic Frequency Analysis for Improved Dynamic Energy Measurements and Accuracy in Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry

Harper,

Miller,

Williams

2023

Anal. Chem.

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The ability to determine ion energies in electrostatic ion-trap-based charge detection mass spectrometry (CDMS) experiments is important for the accurate measurement of individual ion m/z, charge, and mass. Dynamic energy measurements throughout the time an ion is trapped take advantage of the relationship between ion energy and the harmonic amplitude ratio (HAR) composed from the fundamental and second harmonic amplitudes in the Fourier transform of the ion signal. This method eliminates the need for energy-filtering optics in CDMS and makes it possible to measure energy lost in collisions and changes in ion masses due to dissociation. However, the accuracy of the energy measurement depends on the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the amplitudes used to determine the HAR. Here, a major improvement to this HAR-based dynamic energy measurement method is achieved using HARs composed of higher-order harmonics in addition to the fundamental and second harmonic to determine ion energies. This combined harmonic amplitude ratios for precision energy refinement (CHARPER) method is applied to the analysis of a 103 nm polystyrene nanoparticle ion (359.7 MDa, m/z = 308,300) and the energy resolution (3140) and effective mass resolution (730) achieved are the best yet demonstrated in electrostatic ion-trap-based CDMS. The CHARPER method applied to an ensemble of several thousand adeno-associated virus ion signals also results in higher mass resolution compared to the basic HAR method, making it possible to resolve additional features in the composite mass histogram.

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“…This is true for example for rare species or when monitoring on a shot-to-shot basis is required. Such single-pass non-destructive detection and measurement is possible with regard to particle kinetic energy 16 – 18 and the total amount of charge per bunch 17 – 19 . Similar methods are also in use for dedicated measurements of particle mass 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Position-sensitive non-destructive detection of charged-particle bunches in low-energy beamlines

Ringleb,

Kiffer,

Ballentin

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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We have developed and operated an electronic detection system for the non-destructive single-pass detection of bunches of charged particles in a beamline that allows for a measurement of their lateral position with respect to the central beamline axis on a shot-to-shot basis. It provides all features of our related development reported in Kiffer et al. (Rev Sci Instrum 90:113301, 2019), namely single-pass measurement of bunch length, kinetic energy and absolute charge, and is additionally designed to provide the lateral position of bunches with sub-mm accuracy. We show the setup, associated methods and provide characterizing measurements with bunches of highly charged ions in the keV regime of kinetic energy that demonstrate the capabilities and show a typical application.

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Accurately Mapping Image Charge and Calibrating Ion Velocity in Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Dynamic Energy Measurements in Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry Eliminate Adverse Effects of Ion–Ion Interactions

Dynamic Energy Measurements in Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry Eliminate Adverse Effects of Ion–Ion Interactions

Combined Multiharmonic Frequency Analysis for Improved Dynamic Energy Measurements and Accuracy in Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry

Position-sensitive non-destructive detection of charged-particle bunches in low-energy beamlines

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