Accurate ultrasonic range measurement using MLS-modulated continuous waves

Huang, Zhigang; Qiao, Chunjie; Wang, Y.K.

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2014.10.017

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Considering the final accuracy, our MFPW approach gives a range error of ±6.2 μm which is the smallest one reported. If we compare it with other MHz systems operated also in a liquid environment [ 4 , 5 ], the proposed method is more accurate at the expense of a reduced measurement range. Consequently, the proposed MFPW provides an attractive alternative in liquid environment at high frequencies for target micro-positioning with fine steps.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Computed using the received power characterization in air of their transducer (−60 dBm) and the input-referred noise of the amplifier (12.2 µVrms). 4 Corresponds to the standard deviation of the absolute error. 5 Represents the 70% confidence limit considering that the measurements have a Student's t distribution.…”

Section: Uncertainty Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the systems based on the pulse-echo method employ the ToF estimation, based on cross-correlation techniques [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. ToF estimation is obtained through the cross-correlation function between the transmitted and received signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Accuracy Ultrasound Micro-Distance Measurements with PMUTs under Liquid Operation

Zamora

Ledesma

Uranga

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Ultrasonic systems driven by multi-frequency continuous waves (MFCW) have been used for range distance measurement, offering high accuracy in long and medium range distance estimation. However, the use of continuous waves in very short-distance measurements causes large errors due to multipath reflections. This paper presents a new strategy to estimate very short relative distances with high accuracy based on the use of multi-frequency pulsed waves (MFPW). The proposed strategy allows to avoid the multipath reflections that appear when continuous waves are used, and it improves the achieved accuracy compared to the original MFCW method. To validate it, an 80 µm square AlScN piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT) was chosen as a transmitter while a hydrophone was utilized as a target and receiver, immersed in fluorinert (FC-70) as a propagation medium. Three independent and consecutive tone-burst signals were transmitted successively. The selected frequencies are f1 = 2.3962 MHz, f2 = 2.327 MHz and f3 = 2.1195 MHz, giving first and second-order resolutions of 6.88 and 0.79 µm/°, respectively. Experimental results show a ±6.2 μm measured range error in a range of 3.5 mm, and therefore it represents a good candidate for ultrasound micro-profilometer applications under liquid operation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uncertainty Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Accuracy Ultrasound Micro-Distance Measurements with PMUTs under Liquid Operation

Zamora

Ledesma

Uranga

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…An ultrasonic measurement using MLS (Maximum Length Sequences)-modulated continuous waves was presented by Z. Huang, C. Qiao and Y. Wang in 2015 [22]. This work used MLS-modulated continuous waves to gain better resistance of the time-of-flight combined with the phase shift measurement against noise and obstructions in the vicinity of the measurement, which can cause multiple echoes.…”

Section: Papers Dealing With Precise Ultrasonic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic thermometry study and portable ultrasonic thermometer prototype

Ondraczka

2017

2017 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE)

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This paper presents an ultrasonic thermometry state of the art study and shows principle of the ultrasonic thermometry through experiments with an ultrasonic thermometer prototype. The study covers a brief ultrasonic temperature measurement research history and focuses on recent revelations in this field. The thermometer prototype is constructed to be portable and usable for educational presentations. Its principle, performance and ultrasonic temperature measurements results are described in the experimental part. Keywords-ultrasonic thermometry; air temperature measurement; time of flight; ultrasonic thermometer;I.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] With the availability of real-time channel data acquisition and software beamforming, new opportunities for improving image quality, more accurate quantification, and higher frame rates in ultrasound imaging have emerged. For instance, transmitting a long pulse wave to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) such as chirp-coded imaging 7,8) or M-sequence (maximum-length sequence)-coded imaging, 9,10) synthetic aperture (SA) imaging to achieve dynamic focusing both in transmitting and receiving, [11][12][13] two-dimensional micromachined ultrasound array transducers to generate 3D ultrasound images, [14][15][16] compounding imaging to reduce the speckles clutter and artifacts, [17][18][19] and nonlinear imaging to enhance the resolution and contrast. [20][21][22] Therefore, by exploiting new flexibility in channel data combined with increased processing capabilities, there is still considerable potential for further improvement in ultransound imaging quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High resolution ultrasonic imaging based on frequency sweep in both of transducer element domain and imaging line domain

Zhu

Tagawa

2019

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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We developed the super resolution FM-chirp correlation method (SCM) and its high frame rate version called synthetic aperture-SCM (SA-SCM) based on frequency sweep in order to improve the range resolution in ultrasound imaging. However, in these methods, discontinuities in the lateral direction tend to occur, because the SCM processing is performed line by line in the image. In addition, in array transducers, grating lobes are more likely to occur when the spatial resolution is increased using high-frequencies. Therefore, another version called SCM-weighted SA was proposed. In the SCM-weighted SA, in order to avoid the lateral discontinuities, first the SCM processing is performed on each echo received by each transducer element, and then the obtained SCM result is used as a weight for SA processing. The SCM-weighted SA can generate multiple B-mode images each of which corresponds to each carrier frequency, and the appropriate low frequency images among them have no grating lobes. While this plurality of B-mode images can be used as multi-frequency images, it can also be integrated as one high SNR image. In the present study, we propose a method to generate the integrated one B-mode image by applying SCM again in the line direction of the obtained multi-frequency images, which is called SCM-weighted SA-SCM. This method can further improve the range resolution.

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Accurate ultrasonic range measurement using MLS-modulated continuous waves

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

High Accuracy Ultrasound Micro-Distance Measurements with PMUTs under Liquid Operation

High Accuracy Ultrasound Micro-Distance Measurements with PMUTs under Liquid Operation

Ultrasonic thermometry study and portable ultrasonic thermometer prototype

High resolution ultrasonic imaging based on frequency sweep in both of transducer element domain and imaging line domain

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