Accurate time interval in repeated tonometry

Recep, Ömer Faruk; Hasıripi, Hikmet; Vayisoğlu, Esmahan; Kalayci, Defne; Sarikatipoğlu, Hikmet

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0420.1998.760518.x

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…A study demonstrated that successive measurements obtained by applanation tonometry one minute apart showed an almost linear decrease of IOP (Motolko et al 1982), whereas another study found no statistical significance between two measurements performed 10 minutes apart (Recep et al 1998). The second part of the present study indicated the overall IOP trend was not affected by serial measurements of IOP and that episodes of hypertension did not seem to be affected by the repeated measuring of IOP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an intraocular pressure curve protocol for use in dogs

Sanchez

Silva

Dawson

2016

J of Small Animal Practice

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Summary:Objectives:To establish an intraocular pressure curve protocol that is safe for corneal health and determining if they detect harmful elevations of intraocular pressure outside normal clinic hours. To determine inter-user variability and if repeated measurements affect intraocular pressures.Methods: Dogs with glaucoma were included in the first part of the study in which intraocular pressures were measured using three protocols. Protocol 1 used applanation tonometry every two hours over 24h. Protocols 2 and 3 used applanation or rebound tonometry, respectively, and measured intraocular pressures every three hours over 30h. Sixty additional intraocular pressure curves from dogs with glaucoma and 20 from healthy dogs were then analysed for inter-user variability. Results:128 Intraocular pressure curves were determined in 30 dogs. Protocol 1 resulted in one ulcer in five pressure curve measurements, Protocol 2 in one ulcer in 62 pressure curves, and Protocol 3 in no ulcers in 61. Elevated intraocular pressures were detected on 61 occasions, of which 26 developed outside normal clinic hours. Sixty-one additional intraocular pressure curves revealed that repeated measurements had no effect on intraocular pressure. Assessors had a significant variability in righteye but not left-eye readings.Conclusions: Protocol 3, using rebound tonometry every three hours for 30hr is safe and identified elevated intraocular pressures outside normal clinic hours in 12/30 (40%) of patients that single intraocular pressure measurement during consultation hours would not have identified. Intraocular pressure curves may be recommended for clinical practice and glaucoma studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an intraocular pressure curve protocol for use in dogs

Sanchez

Silva

Dawson

2016

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…An interval of at minimum 10 min was given between the utilization of each IOP measurement device to enhance the accuracy of the sequential measurements [9]. The CCT measurements were performed prior to the IOP measurements to avoid the influence of instruments, topical anesthetics and the fluorescein dye on measurements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparability of Icare Pro Rebound Tonometer with Goldmann Applanation and Noncontact Tonometer in a Wide Range of Intraocular Pressure and Central Corneal Thickness

et al. 2015

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Purpose: To evaluate the agreement between the reading values of the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), Icare Pro rebound tonometer (IRT) and noncontact tonometer (NCT) in glaucoma patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 292 eyes of 292 patients selected from a glaucoma outpatient clinic. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured sequentially, at a 10-min interval each, in the following order: NCT, IRT and GAT. The central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured using Pentacam HR before the IOP measurements. Results: The mean IOPs measured by the GAT, NCT and IRT were 20.17 ± 6.73 mm Hg (range: 4-48), 19.77 ± 6.88 mm Hg (range: 3-46) and 19.30 ± 5.15 mm Hg (range: 7.30-44.5), respectively. The correlation coefficients of the GAT and IRT, NCT and IRT, and GAT and NCT measurements were r² = 0.673, r² = 0.663 and r² = 0.938 (all p < 0.001), respectively. The IRT tends to overestimate in the low GAT-measured IOPs, whereas it underestimates in high GAT-measured IOPs. The measurements of all 3 devices were also correlated with the CCT at a statistically significant level (GAT: r² = 0.063, NCT: r² = 0.063, IRT: r² = 0.058). Conclusion: The agreement between the IRT and GAT measurements is higher in the IOP range of 9-22 mm Hg, whereas significant discrepancies occur as the IOP deviates from normal values. The variability of the IRT and GAT measurements over a wide range of CCT is minimal.

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“…The order of the measurements with the two other tonometers (GAT and Schiötz) was randomized. Tonometry measurements were performed approximately 10– 15 min apart, which was shown to be a safe interval for repeated tonometry [10]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pregnancy on Intraobserver and Intertechnique Agreement in Intraocular Pressure Measurements

Akar¹,

Yücel²,

Akar

et al. 2005

Ophthalmologica

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Aim: To evaluate the effect of pregnancy on intraobserver and intertechnique agreement for intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements. Material and Methods: Right eyes of 88 healthy women who were likely to become pregnant and of 94 healthy age-matched females were included in the study. Complete ocular examinations were performed on each eye. IOP measurements were obtained by Goldmann, Schiötz and non-contact tonometers (NCT) during 3-week exam periods before (within 6 weeks of conception) and during pregnancy (first, second and third trimesters) for pregnant cases, and in similar time intervals for control subjects. In each exam period, three readings with each of three separate tonometers were obtained, at least 1 day apart. Intraobserver and intertechnique agreements for IOP measurements were assessed. Results: The mean visual acuity, keratometry and refractive error of both control and pregnant subjects did not change significantly during the study (all p values >0.01). In late pregnancy, pregnant cases demonstrated significant decreases in IOP measurements obtained with each of the three tonometers, and in intraobserver agreement with Goldmann and Schiötz tonometers (all p values <0.01). Intertechnique agreement of both Goldmann and Schiötz tonometers with NCT decreased significantly in the third trimester. Both intraobserver and intertechnique agreement in IOP measurements of control subjects were not found to change significantly during the study (all p values >0.01). Conclusion: IOP significantly decreased in the third trimester of pregnancy. Perfect intraobserver agreement in IOP readings of pregnant subjects was obtained with NCT. This may suggest that NCT is a viable option for IOP measurements during the follow-up of pregnant patients at risk for glaucoma.

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Accurate time interval in repeated tonometry

Abstract: The time interval between successive IOP measurements should be 2 or 10 minutes for accurate tonometry.

Cited by 46 publications

References 3 publications

Design of an intraocular pressure curve protocol for use in dogs

Design of an intraocular pressure curve protocol for use in dogs

Comparability of Icare Pro Rebound Tonometer with Goldmann Applanation and Noncontact Tonometer in a Wide Range of Intraocular Pressure and Central Corneal Thickness

Effect of Pregnancy on Intraobserver and Intertechnique Agreement in Intraocular Pressure Measurements

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