Accurate modeling of optical multiplexer/demultiplexer concatenation in transparent multiwavelength optical networks

Abstract

This paper presents an accurate theoretical model for the study of concatenation of optical multiplexers/demultiplexers (MUXs/DMUXs) in transparent multiwavelength optical networks. The model is based on a semianalytical technique for the evaluation of the error probability of the network topology. The error-probability evaluation takes into account arbitrary pulse shapes, arbitrary optical MUX/DMUX, and electronic low-pass filter transfer functions, and non-Gaussian photocurrent statistics at the output of the direct-detection receiver. To illustrate the model, the cascadability of arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) routers in a transparent network element chain is studied. The performance of the actual network is compared to the performance of a reference network with ideal optical MUXs/DMUXs. The optical power penalty at an error probability of 10 9 is calculated as a function of the number of cascaded AWG routers, the bandwidth of AWG routers, and the laser carrier frequency offset from the channel's nominal frequency. Index Terms-Error analysis, optical filters, optical receivers. I. INTRODUCTION I N TRANSPARENT multiwavelength optical networks, each lightwave signal may be optically multiplexed/demultiplexed several times during propagation from its source to its destination [1]. Optical multiplexers/demultiplexers (MUXs/DMUXs) exhibit nonideal amplitude and phase transfer functions within the optical signal band. That is, their amplitude transfer functions might present passband curvature, tilt, and ripple. In addition, their phase transfer functions might not vary linearly with frequency. These impairments are enhanced when a large number of these devices are cascaded together. Consequently, optical MUX/DMUX concatenation

A Geometrical Model for Arrayed Waveguide Grating Based Optical Multiplexer/Demultiplexer

“…These power values are further used for the computation of total power output. In the comparison of model and experimental results, it is observed that Equation (31) is comparable to Equation (11) with n equal to 'l i ', and 'a i ' is equal to '1/m' for computing wavelength dependent output power of wavelength 'λ i ' not equal to 'λ c ', where tolerance limits were taken as 0.5 dBm. For wavelength λ i = λ c , 'a i ' is equal to '1.5/m'.…”

Optimization of Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers Based on Arrayed Waveguide Gratings with Fabrication Errors for Transparent Optical Networks

“…In a TON, signal distortion and noise accumulation, due to optical nodes concatenation, can also impair significantly the TON performance [12,13]. It was shown that it is necessary to choose suitably the filter bandwidth in order to maximize the TON performance when signal distortion and incoherent homodyne crosstalk are present [14].…”

“…Several works have studied the cascadability of optical MUX/DEMUX and OADM based on AWG [12,15]. However, high channel spacing [15] and an approximated AWG transfer function [12] have been considered.…”

“…However, high channel spacing [15] and an approximated AWG transfer function [12] have been considered.…”

On the impact of filter dispersion slope on the performance of 40 Gbps DWDM systems and networks

“…A comprehensive study of the aforementioned effects are included in the model presented in Ref. [10]. Other extensive studies have been performed for sample WDM optical systems or networks operating at 2.5 Gbps and 10 Gbps that provided a better understanding of the impact of optical filter cascades (amplitude and phase) on the performance and are presented in Refs.…”