Accurate engineering of hexagonal hollow carbon nitride with carbon vacancies: enhanced photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution and its mechanism

Chen, Xueru; Li, Xin; Li, Xue; Lu, Huimin; Wang, Lei; Liu, Qianqian; Li, Hongping; Ding, Jing; Wan, Hui; Guan, Guofeng

doi:10.1039/d1ta05752a

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Tailoring of exposed facet should reduce the energy of high energy facet, − where the use of a capping agent or structure directing agent is common bottom-up route. − Although organic surfactants can perfectly accomplish this aim, most of them are difficult to be completely removed from the catalyst surface, which is a hindrance to the reaction site. , By contrast, inorganic ions will be easily removed from the surface, but some cations with a lower valence state may enter the crystal, like Na + . − Li et al have reported an excellent 18-faceted BiOCl flake with ternary facet cascade charge flow via a prolonged synthesis time strategy . However, this is a much more energy-intensive process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the Photocarrier Separation of PbMoO₄ through Facet Collaboration

Zheng

Jin

Shi

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Boosting photocarrier separation efficiency is a critical step for the catalyst itself or composites based on such catalysts. The use of the reaction raw material to accomplish crystal facet control and ratio optimization is an important and challenging subject in the field of facet engineering, as the activity of the photocatalyst can be improved without introducing impurities. Here, we report the evolution of PbMoO 4 from a lamellar to a 26-faceted polyhedron via a wet chemical method. The redox crystal facet ratio does not change the light absorption capacity, but the photocarrier separation efficiency is improved depending on the ratio of oxidized (111)/reduced (001) surfaces. Based on the exposed facet band structure, electrostatic potential, and EDX of photodeposited species, adjacent (101) only contributes to the transport and separation of photogenerated electrons (e − ) from ( 111) to (001), while photogenerated holes (h + ) respectively migrate from ( 101) and ( 001) to ( 111) under the different valence band position and electrostatic potential. The collaboration of three crystal planes with a certain ratio maximizes the separation of carriers and produces dramatic changes, such as from the inability of H 2 O oxidation to the ability of O 2 evolution (18.78 μmol/(g•h)). In addition, there are more effective h + that can simultaneously participate in the oxidation of other substances during the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). So, a larger ratio of (111)/(001) combined with a harmonized (101) crystal surface makes a PbMoO 4 polyhedron that has more excellent photocarrier separation ability and versatile oxidation capacity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the Photocarrier Separation of PbMoO₄ through Facet Collaboration

Zheng

Jin

Shi

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…PNIMCS has a higher reduction capacity and stronger driving force to facilitate the photocatalytic reduction of H 2 O to H 2 . 6,59,60 Furthermore, combined with the equation E VB = E g + E CB, the PNIMCS valence band potential (E VB ) is 0.668 eV. 19,61 Finally, the possible mechanism of hydrogen production in pure water of PNIMCS is proposed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The E CB of the MCS and PNIMCS are −1.202 and −1.332 eV, respectively. PNIMCS has a higher reduction capacity and stronger driving force to facilitate the photocatalytic reduction of H 2 O to H 2 6,59,60 . Furthermore, combined with the equation E VB = E g + E CB, the PNIMCS valence band potential (E VB ) is 0.668 eV 19,61 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The preparation of 0D / 2D P‐doped Mn _x Cd _1‐x S / Ni ₂ P photocatalyst and its photocatalytic activity of pure water splitting for H ₂

Yan

Shi

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of MnxCd1‐xS in pure water has been achieved through suitable modification methods and efficient co‐catalysts. This article presents the photocatalytic performance and reaction mechanism of a Ni2P‐modified P‐doped MnxCd1‐xS photocatalyst (PNIMCS). It possesses admirable photocatalytic H2 evolution ability both in pure water and trapping agent solutions. The co‐catalysts Ni2P and P doping make a significant contribution in facilitating the PNIMCS photocatalytic pure water splitting to hydrogen reaction. They make the ECB of PNIMCS more negative, lower the overpotential of the hydrogen evolution reaction, and also promote the separation and transfer of photogenerated h+ and e−, thus improving the hydrogen evolution performance of PNIMCS.

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“…Resultantly, the superior photocatalytic H 2 evolution rate of 5140 μmol h −1 g −1 was achieved that was 18.3-fold higher than that of g-C 3 N 4 . 105 Wang et al 106 prepared 3D macropore C-vacancy-rich g-C 3 N 4 (3DM C/g-C 3 N 4 ) through a facile onestep route by employing poly(methyl methacrylate). Compared to results for pristine g-C 3 N 4 , the H 2 production and CO 2 reduction rates of the vacancy rich g-C 3 N 4 significantly improved.…”

Section: Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By combining experiments and DFT calculations, we revealed that C vacancies improved the separation of photoinduced charge carriers as well as the adsorption capacity of the reaction substrate (H 2 O molecules) and negatively shifted the CB potential. Resultantly, the superior photocatalytic H 2 evolution rate of 5140 μmol h –1 g –1 was achieved that was 18.3-fold higher than that of g-C 3 N 4 . Wang et al prepared 3D macropore C-vacancy-rich g-C 3 N 4 (3DM C/g-C 3 N 4 ) through a facile one-step route by employing poly(methyl methacrylate).…”

Section: Developments In Defective Graphitic Carbon Nitridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defect Engineering in Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanotextures for Energy Efficient Solar Fuels Production: A Review

et al. 2022

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Excessive release of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere and continuous utilization of fossil fuels has resulted in global warming and energy shortage. Among the different alternatives, photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to fuels and hydrogen production is a promising approach. To achieve this goal, highly efficient and low-cost semiconductor are demanding to maximize solar energy conversion to renewable fuels. In this perspective, metal free two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted numerous considerations because of its low cost and higher reduction potential, but it has a lower efficiency. Herein, we demonstrated various engineering defect strategies in g-C3N4 to promote photocatalytic efficiency under solar energy. Initially, an overview of engineering defects, creation of different vacancies in g-C3N4, and their identification is discussed. In the main stream defect, engineering such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen to promote g-C3N4 photocatalytic efficiency is systematically disclosed. Subsequently, the role of sulfur (S) and phosphorus (P) atoms in g-C3N4 to maximize CO2 reduction and hydrogen production are deliberated. The comparative analysis, efficiency enhancement, and role of defect engineering are finally discussed to get higher yields and productivities under solar energy utilization.

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Accurate engineering of hexagonal hollow carbon nitride with carbon vacancies: enhanced photocatalytic H₂ evolution and its mechanism

Abstract: Vacancy engineering and morphology construction were integrated simultaneously by the self-assembly of melamine (MA) and cyanuric acid (CA) in the presence of P123 and H2SO4, which contributed to the hexagonal...

Cited by 44 publications

References 61 publications

Boosting the Photocarrier Separation of PbMoO₄ through Facet Collaboration

Boosting the Photocarrier Separation of PbMoO₄ through Facet Collaboration

The preparation of 0D / 2D P‐doped Mn _x Cd _1‐x S / Ni ₂ P photocatalyst and its photocatalytic activity of pure water splitting for H ₂

Defect Engineering in Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanotextures for Energy Efficient Solar Fuels Production: A Review

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Accurate engineering of hexagonal hollow carbon nitride with carbon vacancies: enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution and its mechanism

Abstract: Vacancy engineering and morphology construction were integrated simultaneously by the self-assembly of melamine (MA) and cyanuric acid (CA) in the presence of P123 and H2SO4, which contributed to the hexagonal...

Cited by 44 publications

References 61 publications

Boosting the Photocarrier Separation of PbMoO4 through Facet Collaboration

Boosting the Photocarrier Separation of PbMoO4 through Facet Collaboration

The preparation of 0D / 2D P‐doped Mn x Cd 1‐x S / Ni 2 P photocatalyst and its photocatalytic activity of pure water splitting for H 2

Defect Engineering in Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanotextures for Energy Efficient Solar Fuels Production: A Review

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Accurate engineering of hexagonal hollow carbon nitride with carbon vacancies: enhanced photocatalytic H₂ evolution and its mechanism

Boosting the Photocarrier Separation of PbMoO₄ through Facet Collaboration

Boosting the Photocarrier Separation of PbMoO₄ through Facet Collaboration

The preparation of 0D / 2D P‐doped Mn _x Cd _1‐x S / Ni ₂ P photocatalyst and its photocatalytic activity of pure water splitting for H ₂