Accurate Detection of Arbitrary Photon Statistics

Hloušek, Josef; Dudka, Michal; Straka, Ivo; Ježek, Miroslav

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.123.153604

Cited by 54 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(149 reference statements)

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“…J can be adjusted by changing the distance of the double resonators [69]. In a recent experiment, autocorrelation measurements range from g (2) (0) = 6 × 10 −3 to 2 have been achieved with average fidelity 0.998 in a photon-number-resolving detector [91]. Moreover, we set Ω = 12 kHz, which is experimentally feasible.…”

Section: Nonreciprocal Optical Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade in a spinning optomechanical system

Huang

et al. 2019

Photon. Res.

186

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We propose how to achieve quantum nonreciprocity via unconventional photon blockade (UPB) in a compound device consisting of an optical harmonic resonator and a spinning optomechanical resonator. We show that, even with a very weak single-photon nonlinearity, nonreciprocal UPB can emerge in this system, i.e., strong photon antibunching can emerge only by driving the device from one side, but not from the other side. This nonreciprocity results from the Fizeau drag, leading to different splitting of the resonance frequencies for the optical counter-circulating modes. Such quantum nonreciprocal devices can be particularly useful in achieving back-action-free quantum sensing or chiral photonic communications. * miran@amu.edu.pl † jinghui73@gmail.com light, which is optimally sub-Poissonian in second order, g 2 (0) ≈ 0, and is generated in a weakly-nonlinear system allowing for multi-path interference (e.g., two linearlycoupled cavities, when one of them is also weakly coupled to a two-level atom). Thus, PB and UPB are induced by different effects: PB due to a large system nonlinearity and UPB via multi-path interference assuming even an extremely-weak system nonlinearity. Note that light generated via UPB can exhibit higher-order super-Poissonian photon-number statistics, g (n) (0) > 1 for some n > 2. Thus, UPB is, in general, not a good source of single photons. This short comparison of PB and UPB indicates that the term UPB, as coined in Ref.[39] and now commonly accepted, is fundamentally different from PB, concerning their physical mechanisms and properties of their generated light.Here, we propose to achieve and control nonreciprocal UPB with spinning devices. Nonreciprocal devices allow for the flow of light from one side but block it from the other. Thus, such devices can be applied in noisefree quantum information signal processing and quantum communication for cancelling interfering signals [40]. Nonreciprocal optical devices have been realized in OM devices [40][41][42], Kerr resonators [43][44][45], thermo systems [46][47][48], devices with temporal modulation [49,50], and non-Hermitian systems [51][52][53]. In a very recent experiment [54], 99.6% optical isolation in a spinning resonator has been achieved based on the optical Sagnac effect. However, these studies have mainly focused on the classical regimes; that is, unidirectional control of transmission rates instead of quantum noises. We also note that in recent works, single-photon diodes [55][56][57], unidirectional quantum amplifiers [58][59][60][61][62], and one-way quantum routers [63] have been explored. In particular, nonreciprocal PB was predicted in a Kerr resonator [64] or a quadratic OM system [65], which, however, relies on the conventional condition of strong single-photon nonlinearity. These quantum nonreciprocal devices have potential applications for quantum control of light in chiral and topological quantum technologies [66].

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Section: Nonreciprocal Optical Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade in a spinning optomechanical system

Huang

et al. 2019

Photon. Res.

186

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“…number (or phonon-number) resolving detectors which are not available for standard optical or trapped-ion systems. Spatial [16] or time multiplexing [17] is required for optical photons while trapped-ion systems use complex control schemes [18][19][20]; in all these approaches, the amount of resources needed scales unfavourably with the size of the NOON state. Photon counting can be achieved in circuit QED using dispersive interaction of a microwave mode with an ancilla qubit but this approach also requires complicated control schemes [21,22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Swap-test interferometry with biased ancilla noise

Černotík¹,

Pietikäinen²,

Puri³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a powerful device for detecting small phase shifts between two light beams. Simple input states-such as coherent states or single photons-can reach the standard quantum limit of phase estimation while more complicated states can be used to reach Heisenberg scaling; the latter, however, require complex states at the input of the interferometer which are difficult to prepare. The quest for highly sensitive phase estimation therefore calls for interferometers with nonlinear devices which would make the preparation of these complex states more efficient.Here, we show that the Heisenberg scaling can be recovered with simple input states (including Fock and coherent states) when the linear mirrors in the interferometer are replaced with controlled-swap gates and measurements on ancilla qubits. These swap tests project the input Fock and coherent states onto NOON and entangled coherent states, respectively, leading to improved sensitivity to small phase shifts in one of the interferometer arms. We perform detailed analysis of ancilla errors, showing that biasing the ancilla towards phase flips offers a great advantage, and perform thorough numerical simulations of a possible implementation in circuit quantum electrodynamics. Our results thus present a viable approach to phase estimation approaching Heisenberg-limited sensitivity.

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“…Из приведенной цитаты следует, что во избежание сложных аналитических инструментов (методов регуляризации) для решения задач инверсии, авторам проще предложить принципиально новый протокол измерения, который опирается на сложную физику и позволяет исключить какие-либо конкретные модели детекторов. Несколько иной вариант преодоления проблемы некорректности задачи предложен в работе [2] (имеется ссылка на нашу статью: [78] V. N. Starkov, A. A. Semenov, and H. V. Gomonay, Numerical.).…”

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“…A. Semenov, and H. V. Gomonay, Numerical.). В [2] описывается система измерения, состоящей из реконструируемого детектора с разрешением числа фотонов PNRD (PhotonNumber-Resolving Detector), оптимальной электронной схемы и специализированного алгоритма обработки данных. Математическая модель физической задачи представлена в виде бесконечной системы линейных алгебраических уравнений.…”

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“…Прежде всего, очевидно, физики не имеют полного представления о современных методах регуляризации некорректно поставленных задач. И второе, отсутствие глубокого представления о методах регуляризации является серьезным импульсом для поиска либо принципиально новых вариантов исследования свойств квантового света [1], либо нетрадиционных алгоритмов инверсии бесконечных систем линейных алгебраических уравнений [2]. Поэтому заметка о методах регуляризации некорректно поставленных задач представляется достаточно актуальной.…”

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Regularization methods for ill-posed problems of general physics

Starkov

2021

Fìz.-mat. model. ìnf. tehnol.

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On the example of a specific physical problem of noise reduction associated with losses, dark counts, and background radiation, a summary of methods for regularizing ill-posed problems is given in the statistics of photocounts of quantum light. The mathematical formulation of the problem is presented by an operator equation of the first kind. The operator is generated by a matrix with countable elements. In the sense of Hadamard, the problem of reconstructing the number of photons of quantum light is due to the compactness of the operator of the mathematical model. A rigorous definition of a regularizing operator (regularizer) is given. The problem of stable approximation to the exact solution of the operator equation with inaccurately given initial data can be overcome by one of the most well-known regularization methods, the theoretical foundations of which were laid in the works of A.N. Tikhonov. The selection of an important class of regularizing algorithms is based on the construction of a parametric family of functions that are Borel measurable on the semiaxis and satisfy some additional conditions. The set of regularizers in this family includes most of the known regularization methods. The main ones are given in the work.

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Accurate Detection of Arbitrary Photon Statistics

Cited by 54 publications

References 96 publications

Nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade in a spinning optomechanical system

Nonreciprocal unconventional photon blockade in a spinning optomechanical system

Swap-test interferometry with biased ancilla noise

Regularization methods for ill-posed problems of general physics

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