Accurate analysis of HCl in biomethane using laser absorption spectroscopy and ion-exchange chromatography

Nwaboh, Javis A.; Meuzelaar, Heleen; Liu, Jiawen; Persijn, Stefan; Lǐ, Jiànróng; Veen, Adriaan M. H. van der; Chatellier, Nicolas; Papin, Arnaud; Qu, Zhechao; Werhahn, Olav; Ebert, Volker

doi:10.1039/d0an01955k

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The knowledge of accurate spectral line parameters (such as pressure broadening coefficients) of HCl [14][15][16] is important and required for HCl measurements in atmospheric remote sensing, biomass gasification process, semiconductor manufactory cleanroom and precision industrial emission monitoring application. Recently, advances in solid-state laser technologies have provided alternative Mid-IR light sources and enabled access to the strongest HCl transitions in the fundamental band [17], which are about 50 times stronger than at the 1.7 µm HCl first overtone band which we have previously studied [18,19]. As such, we were motivated to develop an optimized Mid-IR absorption diagnostic for HCl [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of N2, CO2, Ar, O2 and Air Pressure Broadening Coefficients of the HCl P(5) Line in the 1–0 Band Using an Interband Cascade Laser

Nwaboh

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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We determine the CO2, N2, Ar, O2 and air pressure broadening coefficients of the H35Cl P(5) absorption line at 2775.77 cm−1 in the fundamental (1←0) band using a newly developed direct tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (dTDLAS)-based spectrometer employing a mid-IR interband cascade laser (ICL). For the first time, a reliable and consistent set of five different foreign pressure broadening coefficients for the same HCl P(5) line has been measured by a consistent metrological approach covering pressures from 100 to 600 hPa at temperatures of 294 and 295 K. The relative uncertainties of the stated CO2, N2, Ar, O2 and Air pressure broadening coefficients are in 1–3% range. The results are compared to previously available literature data—two broadening coefficients have been improved in accuracy and two have been determined for the first time in the sub 1000 hPa pressure range.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of N2, CO2, Ar, O2 and Air Pressure Broadening Coefficients of the HCl P(5) Line in the 1–0 Band Using an Interband Cascade Laser

Nwaboh

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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“…It can be calibration-free, relatively simple in experimental setup, economic, and robust, although its lineof-sight nature hinders spatially resolved measurement. Qu et al 5 and Nwaboh et al 6 developed HCl measurement using TDLAS probing the fundamental vibrational band. Linnerud et al, 7 Corsi et al, 8 Kim et al, 9 and Ortwein et al 10 used the overtone vibrational band of HCl, mostly the first overtone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Hydrogen Chloride Detection in Combustion Environments Using Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy with Comprehensive Investigation of Hot Water Interference

et al. 2022

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Hydrogen chloride (HCl) monitoring during combustion/gasification of biomass fuels and municipal solid waste, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and food residues, is demanded to avoid the adverse effect of HCl to furnace operation and to improve the quality of the gas products. Infrared tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (IR-TDLAS) is a feasible nonintrusive in-situ method for HCl measurements in harsh environments. In the present work, the measurement was performed using the R(3) line of the ν2 vibrational band of HCl at 5739.25 cm–1 (1742.4 nm). Water vapor is ubiquitous in combustion/gasification environments, and its spectral interference is one of the most common challenges for IR-TDLAS. Spectral analysis based on the current well-known databases was found to be insufficient to achieve an accurate measurement. The lack of accurate temperature-dependent water spectra can introduce thousands parts per million (ppm) HCl overestimation. For the first time, accurate spectroscopic data of temperature-dependent water spectra near 5739.3 cm–1 were obtained based on a systematic experimental investigation of the hot water lines in a well-controlled, hot flue gas with a temperature varying from 1100 to 1950 K. With the accurate knowledge of hot water interference, the HCl TDLAS system can achieve a detection limit of about 100 ppm⋅m at around 1500 K, and simultaneously the gas temperature can be derived. The technique was applied to measure the temporally resolved HCl release and local temperature over burning PVC particles in hot flue gas at 1790 K.

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“…For hydrogen used for fuel cell vehicles, the total halogen limit value is specified as not greater than 50 nmol/mol, which was calculated by the amount of hydrogen chloride to represent total halogenates. In practice, the inorganic chlorine in the hydrogen sample is absorbed by the absorption solution and measured by ion chromatography [19]. And due to the sampling treatment, the organic chlorine contained is not detected, which makes the measured concentration of total halogen lower than the actual value [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of trace organic chlorides in hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles by gas chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

J of Separation Science

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A method for the determination of organic chlorides in hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles by gas chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry was established. Organic chlorides were separated by a non‐polar gas chromatography column and detected in the negative ion mode of the ion mobility spectrometer. The effect of operating parameters of ion mobility spectrometer including drift gas flow rate and drift tube temperature on sensitivity and resolution were evaluated. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of seven organic chlorides were from 0.65 to 6.73 nmol/mol, which met the requirement of detection for the specification limit of 50 nmol/mol of total halogen impurities in hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles. Compared with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector under the same gas chromatography conditions, gas chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry method demonstrated higher sensitivity for detection of organic chlorides under study. Based on the portability of the device and its detection capabilities, gas chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry has the potential to perform online detection of impurities in hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles.

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Accurate analysis of HCl in biomethane using laser absorption spectroscopy and ion-exchange chromatography

Abstract: Biomethane is a renewable energy gas with great potential to contribute to the diversification and greening of the natural gas supply.

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Measurements of N2, CO2, Ar, O2 and Air Pressure Broadening Coefficients of the HCl P(5) Line in the 1–0 Band Using an Interband Cascade Laser

Measurements of N2, CO2, Ar, O2 and Air Pressure Broadening Coefficients of the HCl P(5) Line in the 1–0 Band Using an Interband Cascade Laser

Quantitative Hydrogen Chloride Detection in Combustion Environments Using Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy with Comprehensive Investigation of Hot Water Interference

Determination of trace organic chlorides in hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles by gas chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry

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