Accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in the ewe

García, A.; Neary, M.K.; Kelly, Greasse; Pierson, R.A.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(93)90423-3

Cited by 61 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The pregnancy rate determined in this study is similar to that determined by Tainturier et al (1983), Buckrell (1988), Haibel (1990), Aiumlamai et al (1992), Garcia et al (1993), Schrick & Inskeep (1993), Chalhoub (2000) and Padilla-Rivas et al (2005). This confirms the recommendations made by White et al (1984) on the use of transrectal ultrasound examination in sheep as being a precise, rapid and safe method.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Mortality determination and gender identification of conceptuses in pregnancies of Santa Ines ovine by ultrasound

et al. 2010

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The aim of this study was to monitor early gestation in Santa Ines ewes by ultrasound in order to determine embryo and foetal loss, and to identify foetal sex. Ewes (n = 132) were submitted to controlled natural mating. For the purpose of pregnancy diagnosis and embryo monitoring we used transrectal ultrasound with a linear transducer (6.0 and 8.0 MHz). Pregnancy was diagnosed on day 30. On day 35 ultrasound examination was performed to determine embryo viability or loss. On days 40, 50 and 60 ultrasound examination was used to monitor foetal loss and to determine foetal sex, through identification of the genital tubercle or any external genital structure. Out of 118 pregnant ewes, 76 (64.4%) presented single pregnancy and 42 (35.6%) multiple pregnancy. Embryonic deaths occurred in 10.0% of the 160 monitored embryos: 5.6% (9/160) occurred during the embryonic phase and 4.4% (7/160) during the foetal phase, with no significant difference between them. Embryo loss was significantly lower in single pregnancies (3.9%, 3/76) compared to multiple pregnancies (15.5%, 13/84). Sexing accuracy on day 40 was significantly lower than on day 60. There was no difference between days 40 and 50, and between days 50 and 60. This study on Santa Ines sheep shows that ultrasound is a highly effective method for diagnosis of early pregnancy, determination of embryo and foetal loss, as well as foetal sexing after day 50 of pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Mortality determination and gender identification of conceptuses in pregnancies of Santa Ines ovine by ultrasound

et al. 2010

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“…By using 5 MHz transrectal probe, the first signs of pregnancy in form of circular and elongated anaechoic images located in utero cranial to bladder were observed in ewe on Days 17 to 19 (Garcia et al 1993;Doize et al 1997), while embryo could be detected on Day 25 after mating (Buckrell et al 1986). …”

Section: Diagnosis Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sensitivity of 5 MHz transrectal ultrasonography for detecting pregnant ewes was very low (12 %) at less than Day 25 of gestation (Gearhart et al 1988). Thereafter, the sensitivity increased with progressing the pregnancy and ranged between 65 % and 87 % at Days 25 to 50, depending on the breed, age and parity of the ewes and the technique of the examination (B uckrell et al 1986;Gearhart et al 1988;Garcia et al 1993; Table 5). …”

Section: Diagnosis Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E-Fetal heart rate By using 7.5 MHz transrectal ultrasonography, the rhythmic pulsations within the ovine embryonic vesicle were first detected on Day18 or 19 after mating (Schrick and Inskeep 1993), while by using 5 MHz transrectal ultrasonography, they were first observed from Days 21-23 after mating (Garcia et al 1993). Aiumlamai et al (1992) measured the ovine fetal heart rate during the second half of pregnancy by using transabdominal ultrasonography and reported that the fetal heart rate reached a plateau at 7 weeks before lambing (167 ± 1.5 bpm) then decreased at 3 weeks before lambing (139.0 ± 15.7 bpm) and reached 117.0 ± 9.2 bpm at birth.…”

Section: D-thoracic Diametermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnancy Dagnosis in Sheep: Review of the Most Practical Methods

Karen¹,

Kovács²,

Beckers³

et al. 2001

Acta Vet. Brno

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Various practical methods have been used for pregnancy diagnosis in sheep. Both pregnancy and fetal numbers are accurately diagnosed by using radiography after day 70 of gestation. Rectal abdominal technique detects pregnancy with an accuracy of 66 to 100% from d 49 to 109 of gestation, however, it has a low (17 to 57%) accuracy for determining multiple fetuses. Progesterone assays have a high sensitivity (88% to 100%) and a low specificity (60% to 72%) at d 16 to 18. Estrone sulphate assay accurately detects pregnant ewe at d 30 to 35. Ovine pregnancy specific protein B (PSPB) assay accurately (100%) detects pregnancy from d 26 after breeding onwards. The accuracy of progesterone, estrone sulphate and oPSPB assays for determining fetal numbers is relatively low. A-mode and Doppler ultrasonic techniques accurately detect pregnancy during the second half of gestation. Fetal numbers cannot be determined by A-mode ultrasound, while the Doppler technique needs experience to achieve high accuracy. Transrectal B-mode, real time ultrasonography identifies the embryonic vesicles as early as d 12.8 after mating, but the sensitivity of the technique for pregnancy is very low (12%) earlier than 25 d after mating. Transabdominal B-mode ultrasonography achieved high accuracy for pregnancy diagnosis (94% to 100%) and the determination of fetal numbers (92% to 99%) on d 29 to 106 of gestation. Realtime, B-mode ultrasonography appears to be the most practical and accurate method for diagnosing pregnancy and determining fetal numbers in sheep.

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“…günleri arasında yapılabildiği bildirilmiştir (9 Yapılan bu çalışmada, Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda rektal ve ekstra-abdominal ultrasonografi yöntemi ile incelenen fötal parametrelerde gebelik süresindeki artışa paralel olarak meydana gelen gelişimin izlenerek, bu paralelliğin bir formülle açıklanabilmesi amaçlanmak-tadır. Yerli bir ırk olan Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda bu zamana kadar fötal yaşı belirleyecek ve gebelik dönemlerine göre tanımlanan embriyonik/fötal yaş belirleme çalışmaları bulunmamakta ve bu veriler ırk özelliğini belirtmesi açısından çalışmaya orijinalite kazandırmaktadır.…”

unclassified

Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda transrektal ve transabdominal muayene tekniği kullanılarak embriyonik ve fötal yaşın belirlenmesi

Hande;KAYMAZ¹

2011

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Determination of embryonic and fetal age by transrectal and transabdominal ultrasonographic examination in Akkaraman ewesSummary: This study was performed in order to determine gestational age in ewes by fetometry. For this purpose, a total of 10 Akkaraman ewes were examined by using ultrasonography supported by a linear array transducer. In order to find an equation to calculate the gestational age (GA) by using fetometric method, the parameters of diameter of embryonic vesicle (EVD), crown-rump length (CRL), occipito-nasal diameter (OND), biparietal diameter (BPD), orbital diameter (OD), thoracic diameter (TD), cotyledon diameter (CD), transversal heart diameter (THD), stomach diameter (SD) and kidney diameter (KD) were calculated. At the end of the study gestation age equations was produced depending on correlations which were statistically significant. In this sense, As a result, it was shown that gestational age could be calculated by using these formulas. It was seen that OND, BPD, OD parameters were found to be most effectively 36-95 days to determine gestational age.

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Accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in the ewe

Cited by 61 publications

References 19 publications

Mortality determination and gender identification of conceptuses in pregnancies of Santa Ines ovine by ultrasound

Mortality determination and gender identification of conceptuses in pregnancies of Santa Ines ovine by ultrasound

Pregnancy Dagnosis in Sheep: Review of the Most Practical Methods

Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda transrektal ve transabdominal muayene tekniği kullanılarak embriyonik ve fötal yaşın belirlenmesi

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