Many factors affect standardized uptake values (SUVs) in 18 F-FDG PET/CT. The use of the SUV from a single PET scan in multicenter studies requires the standardization of 18 F-FDG PET/CT procedures. In the context of treatment response assessments (repeated PET scans), many factors may seem to have minor effects on percentage changes in SUVs, provided that imaging procedures are executed in a consistent manner for each subject. However, the use of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in a nonstandardized manner will result in unknown biases and reproducibilities of SUVs and SUV-based response measures. This article provides an overview of the need for standardization in relation to the specific use of SUVs and SUV changes in studies of treatment response assessments. Vi sual inspection of 18 F-FDG PET whole-body studies is important for diagnosis and staging (1). However, quantitative PET is increasingly being recognized as an important tool for prognosis and response monitoring (2-5). For the quantification of 18 F-FDG PET studies, various methods, which differ with regard to the complexity of data collection and (mathematic) analysis, have been described; these include tumor-to-background ratios, standardized uptake values (SUVs), and full kinetic analysis (6,7).Semiquantitative analysis by means of SUVs is clinically feasible because an SUV is available in every clinically obtained whole-body scan. It is a simple index for glucose metabolism and can be obtained with good reliability, provided that 18 F-FDG PET/CT studies (including proper calibration procedures) are acquired in a standardized manner. A recent review of existing guidelines and factors affecting SUV results (8) demonstrated how to obtain accurate and reproducible SUV results in single-center and multicenter settings.