Accuracy of Point Precipitation Measurements

Allerup, Peter; Madsen, Henning

doi:10.2166/nh.1980.0005

Cited by 70 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…Possible explanations include both an overestimation of precipitation and an underestimation of the potential evapotranspiration. For the precipitation data the correction factors recommended by Allerup and Madsen (1979) had been substituted by new and higher correction factors (DMI, 1998). For potential evapotranspiration the original values based on the Makkink (1957) formulae had been replaced by values estimated by a modified Penman formula (Mikkelsen and Olesen, 1991) resulting in a decrease by up to 100 mm/year.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for construction, calibration and validation of a national hydrological model for Denmark

Henriksen

Troldborg

Nyegaard

et al. 2003

Journal of Hydrology

333

234

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for construction, calibration and validation of a national hydrological model for Denmark

Henriksen

Troldborg

Nyegaard

et al. 2003

Journal of Hydrology

333

234

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“…It was assumed at the time that the gain was due to aerodynamics. At the same time, Folland (1988) was analysing the air flow round a standard 5 raingauge using numerical models and, based on this and on the field tests of Rodda (1967) and of Allerup and Madsen (1980), suggested a theoretical 'first-guess' shape for an improved aerodynamic raingauge. This present paper describes how the first-guess shape, used as a starting point, was made and tested against a standard 5 gauge and the new developments that followed, resulting in a raingauge with improved performance and a better understanding of the aerodynamic processes involved.…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving precipitation measurement

Strangeways¹

2004

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Although rainfall has been measured for centuries scientifically and in isolated brief episodes over millennia for agriculture, it is still not measured adequately even today for climatology, water resources, and other precise applications. This paper outlines the history of raingauges, their errors, and describes the field testing over 3 years of a 'first guess' design for an aerodynamic rain collector proposed by Folland in 1988. Although shown to have aerodynamic advantage over a standard 5 gauge, the new rain collector was found to suffer from outsplash in heavy rain. To study this problem, and to derive general basic design rules for aerodynamic gauges, its performance was investigated in turbulent, real-world conditions rather than in the controlled and simplified environment of a wind tunnel or mathematical model as in the past. To do this, video records were made using thread tracers to indicate the path of the wind, giving new insight into the complex flow of natural wind around and within raingauges. A new design resulted, and 2 years of field testing have shown that the new gauge has good aerodynamic and evaporative characteristics and minimal outsplash, offering the potential for improved precipitation measurement.

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“…Weather data were obtained from the Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) as a 10x10 km grid covering the experimental site and corrected according to Allerup and Madsen (1980). Field management data were derived from the fertilizer plans elaborated for each field.…”

Section: Water Monitoring and Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can controlled drainage control agricultural nutrient emissions? Evidence from a BACI experiment combined with a dual isotope approach

Carstensen

Poulsen

Ovesen

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract. Controlled drainage combined with winter crops was investigated for the first time as a mitigation measure for reducing nitrate loss through drainage systems during a three-year period (2012-15) on a loamy soil in Denmark. The impact of controlled drainage on groundwater levels, drain flow, total nitrogen, nitrate, ammonium, nitrous oxide, total phosphorous, and phosphate when applying regulation levels of 50 and 70 cm above drain pipes were determined by using a 15 before-after control-impact (BACI) study design. The regulation level had to be 70 cm to significantly elevate groundwater levels and reduce drain outflow and nitrate loss, which were reduced by 38-52 % (97-127 mm) and 36-48 % (6-8 kg nitrate-N ha -1 ) relative to conventional drainage levels, respectively. Controlled drainage did not appear to influence harvest yield or cause pollution swapping as the loss of total phosphorous, phosphate, and nitrous oxide was reduced by 44-45 %, 44-54 %, and 36-38 %, respectively. Stable isotope analysis of δ 15 N and δ 18 O in nitrate from drain water supported by measurements 20 of nitrate, sulphate, and ammonium concentrations in drain water revealed that denitrification was not enhanced markedly at the impacted plots, except during one event where a pronounced decline in nitrate concentrations and ceased drain flow was observed.

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Accuracy of Point Precipitation Measurements

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

Methodology for construction, calibration and validation of a national hydrological model for Denmark

Methodology for construction, calibration and validation of a national hydrological model for Denmark

Improving precipitation measurement

Can controlled drainage control agricultural nutrient emissions? Evidence from a BACI experiment combined with a dual isotope approach

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