“…Medications such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs) are used for primary prophylaxis to reduce the incidence of FN in cancer patients during chemotherapy. G-CSFs increase production and activation of neutrophils and then promote their migration [4,5]. Patients with solid cancers, who do not receive prophylactic G-CSFs, exhibit a higher incidence of FN in comparison to patients who receive G-CSFs as part of the chemotherapy regimen [6][7][8][9].…”