Accuracy of MRI-Based Radiomics in Diagnosis of Placental Accreta Spectrum: A PRISMA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background Placenta accreta syndrome (PAS) can lead to severe obstetric bleeding, and can be life-threatening. This study aimed to assess the precision of radiomics features derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosing PAS. Material/Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library from inception to October 2023. We included diagnostic accuracy studies utilizing radiomics-MRI in PAS patients, with histopathology serving as the reference standard. The overall diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were computed to gauge the diagnostic accuracy of MRI-based radiomic features in PAS patients. Quality assessment was performed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2. Statistical analyses were carried out using Stata 14.2, MetaDiSc 1.4, and Review Manager 5.3 software. Results Seven studies involving 672 patients were incorporated. The aggregated DOR, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for radiomics in detecting PAS were 78% (confidence interval [CI] 32, 191), 87% (76%, 93%), 92% (89%, 94%), and 0.93 (0.91–0.95), respectively. The meta-analysis revealed notable heterogeneity among the included studies, with no evidence of a threshold effect. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that, in comparison to manual segmentation and validation groups with ≤100 cases and internal validation datasets, automated segmentation, validation groups with >100 cases, and external validation datasets exhibited superior diagnostic performance [DOR: 92.3 (36.5, 233.48), 134.9 (49.7, 366.4), 125.4 (59.1, 266.1)]. Conclusions Our findings indicate that MRI-based radiomic features perform well in assessing the diagnostic risk of PAS during prenatal diagnosis. This noninvasive and convenient tool may prove valuable in facilitating the identification of PAS.