Accuracy of measurements of body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in vivo

Svendsen, Ole Lander; Haarbo, Jens; Hassager, Christian; Christiansen, Claus

doi:10.1093/ajcn/57.5.605

Cited by 374 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…17 ± 19 These problems are attributed to small variations in edge detection. However, given that BMC has been shown to increase slightly when the amount of overlying tissue has been deliberately increased arti®cially using lard, 17 and that BMC generally decreases during weight loss 18,20 we are con®dent that the observed BMC values for our overweight and obese children are if anything slightly overestimated, rather than underestimated. Furthermore, the scanner we used is a pencil beam DXA and pencil beam scanners are superior to fanbeam DXA scanners for determining body composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Overweight and obese children have low bone mass and area for their weight

et al. 2000

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OBJECTIVES: To determine whether girls and boys categorized from body mass index (BMI) values as overweight or obese for their age have lower bone mineral content (BMC) or lower bone area in relation to total body weight than children of normal adiposity. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study in a university bone research unit. SUBJECTS: Two hundred girls and 136 boys aged 3 ± 19 y recruited from the general population by advertisement. MEASUREMENTS: Total body BMC (g) and bone area (cm 2 ) measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in relation to body weight (kg), lean tissue mass (kg) and fat mass (kg) in boys and girls of three different BMI percentile groupings: normal weight (BMI`85th percentile); overweight (85 to 94th BMI percentile); obese ( 95th BMI percentile). RESULTS: Obese children had higher BMC, bone area, and fat mass for chronological age than those of normal body weight (P`0.001). In spite of this the observed values for age-adjusted total body BMC and bone area relative to body weight were each lower than predicted values, in both overweight and obese children (2.5 ± 10.1% less, P`0.05) than in children of lower adiposity. CONCLUSION: In overweight and obese boys and girls there is a mismatch between body weight and bone development during growth: their bone mass and bone area are low for their body weight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Overweight and obese children have low bone mass and area for their weight

et al. 2000

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“…However, excellent agreement has been found between DXA (Lunar DPX-L) measures of fat-free mass and values determined by chemical analysis in seven pigs weighing 35 ± 95 kg and ranging in body fat from 10 to 50%. 28 Therefore, we do not believe that the DXA values were inaccurate. An alternative explanation is that the lower fat-free mass values in our obese boys arose as a peculiarity of the selection criteria employed ie a ratio of fat mass to fat-free mass b 0.60.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Serum lipids, serum insulin, plasma fibrinogen and aerobic capacity in obese and non-obese Singaporean boys

Stensel

Lin

et al. 2001

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVES:To compare blood lipids, lipoproteins, apoproteins, ®brinogen, insulin and aerobic capacity in obese and nonobese Chinese Singaporean boys. To examine relationships between blood metabolites, body composition and aerobic capacity in these groups. DESIGN: Cross-sectional SUBJECTS: Forty Chinese Singaporean boys aged 13 ± 15 y. Classi®ed as obese (n 20) or non-obese (n 20) based on adiposity (fat massafat free mass): b 0.60 obese,`0.40 non-obese. MEASUREMENTS: Body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), waist circumference, peak oxygen consumption (VO 2 peak), serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterolaHDL-C, apoproteins AI and B, lipoprotein(a), insulin and glucose. Plasma concentration of ®brinogen. RESULTS: Obese boys had signi®cantly (P`0.01) higher (mean AE s.d.) concentrations of serum triacylglycerol (1.51 AE 0.65 vs 1.04 AE 0.34 mmolal), serum insulin (24.1 AE 11.5 vs 12.3 AE 4.45 mUal) and plasma ®brinogen (4.01 AE 0.54 vs 3.35 AE 0.76 gal) than non-obese boys. Within the non-obese group plasma ®brinogen concentration was signi®cantly related to percentage body fat (r 0.546, P`0.05). VO 2 peak relative to body mass (mlakgamin or mlakg 70.67 amin) was signi®cantly (P`0.001) lower in obese compared to non-obese boys but absolute VO 2 peak (lamin), adjusted for fat-free mass via analysis of covariance, was higher in obese than non-obese boys (P`0.01). Partial correlations revealed that none of the blood metabolites were signi®cantly related to VO 2 peak independent of body fatness. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity was related to elevated concentrations of serum triacylglycerol, serum insulin and plasma ®brinogen in Chinese Singaporean boys. These elevated concentrations did not appear to be associated with a lower aerobic capacity (independent of body fatness) in the obese. International Journal of Obesity (2001) 25, 984 ± 989

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“…The dramatic fall in serum oestrogen levels together with relative hyperandrogenism may be responsible for weight gain and changes in adipose tissue distribution after menopause (Svendsen et al, 1993). Data from several animal experiments clearly show that oestrogen deficiency in ovx rats may increase food intake (Gray and Wade, 1981;Pedersen et al, 2001) and decrease adipose tissue lipolysis (Darimont et al, 1997), spontaneous physical activity (Roy and Wade, 1975), and energy expenditure (Heine et al, 2000;Pedersen et al, 2001).…”

Section: Menopause Hormonal Changes and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian function and obesity—Interrelationship, impact on women's reproductive lifespan and treatment options

Rachoń

Teede

2010

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

128

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Insulin resistance (IR) is a consequence of obesity, and in women it is often inextricably linked with ovarian function leading to clinical reproductive manifestations such as early menarche onset, subfertility and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Likewise, the dramatic fall in oestrogen production after menopause may contribute to weight gain and changes in adipose tissue distribution.Overall, women who are obese, especially those with reproductive complications including PCOS, have been identified as specific high risk subgroups for further progression through to prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and potentially cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review focuses on the interrelationship between the ovarian function and obesity as well as its treatment strategies.

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Accuracy of measurements of body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in vivo

Cited by 374 publications

References 10 publications

Overweight and obese children have low bone mass and area for their weight

Overweight and obese children have low bone mass and area for their weight

Serum lipids, serum insulin, plasma fibrinogen and aerobic capacity in obese and non-obese Singaporean boys

Ovarian function and obesity—Interrelationship, impact on women's reproductive lifespan and treatment options

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