Accuracy of implant placement using precision surgical guides with varying occlusogingival heights: An in vitro study

Effect of Surgical Guide Design and Surgeon's Experience on the Accuracy of Implant Placement

“…14,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] 18 An in vivo evaluation of stereolithic guides found the mean linear deviation to be 1.22 mm and the mean angular deviation to be 4.9 degrees. 19 Design features that are important for CAD/CAM guides may be different than those of non-CAD/CAM guides.…”

“…An in vitro evaluation of the effect of tube height in CAD/CAM guides found no difference between planned and actual implant position for guides with 8 mm and 4 mm tube heights (250 µm and 240 µm respectively). 23 Stability is a critical design feature of surgical guides regardless of the channel design with tooth-born guides being more accurate than tooth/tissue borne guides. 14,22 Surgical experience has been demonstrated to increase the positional accuracy of implant placement 30,31 in addition to the success rate of osseointegration.…”

Advances in Dental Implant Positioning Techniques and Their Clinical Implications

“…Even when CT scans and software programs are used to create a preoperative treatment plan, the freehand placement will always deviate from the ideal position in the preoperative plan [63]. Moreover, although researchers agree on the value and necessity of accuracy, there is no clear consensus as to its definition or the parameters used to evaluate it [58].…”

“…Surgical guide fabrication begins with a diagnostic tooth positioning, either through a waxing, denture tooth arrangement, or duplication of the preexisting teeth or restorations [66]. SSGs are precise metallic guides that are closely matched in diameter to the drills or implants [63]. They are fabricated through CAD/CAM technology and rapid prototyping machines [67].…”

“…An inaccurate CT scan [63] and lack of stability or reproducibility of the radiographic template during CT will lead to improperly scanned data for treatment planning, with subsequently incorrect clinical implant positioning.…”