Accuracy of herpes simplex virus detection in liquid‐based (SurePath) Papanicolaou tests: A comparison with polymerase chain reaction

Aslan, Deniz; Pambuccian, Stefan E.; Prekker, Frances L.; Schacker, Timothy W.; Southern, Peter J.; Savik, Kay; McKeon, Dan M.; Gulbahce, H. Evin

doi:10.1002/dc.20732

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Since this is a retrospective study, reflex HPV and molecular testing were not performed. While we are unaware of prior studies regarding the frequency of HSV changes in anal Pap smear, a prior study by Aslan et al shows that cervical liquid‐based Papanicolaou tests (LBPTs) has a significantly higher frequency of diagnoses of HSV‐related cellular changes compared to conventional Papanicolaou smears (0.026% vs.0.015%) . Their study also investigated the accuracy of the diagnosis of HSV by LBPT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The frequency of herpes simplex virus changes in anal Pap smear and its association with squamous intraepithelial lesions in high‐risk male patients

Greebon

Avery²,

Prihoda

et al. 2014

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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While there are studies postulating a model of synergism between human papillomavirus (HPV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in cervical carcinogenesis, the frequency of anal herpes as well as its association with anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASILs) has been understudied in men. This study evaluates the frequency of HSV changes in anal Pap smears and its association with ASILs in a high-risk population. A computerized search for specimens associated with anal cytology that had positive findings of HSV was performed. The electronic medical records were examined for past diagnosis of herpes, HSV serology prior to or after cytology, and if the patient received treatment after cytologic diagnosis of HSV. Of the 470 anal Pap smears (Thin-prep) examined, seven had cellular changes consistent with HSV infection. All patients were asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive males with no prior HSV serology tests. Two patients had prior diagnoses of HSV infection. Cytologic abnormalities were identified in 86% ranging from atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance to high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Three patients were treated after the HSV cytologic diagnosis. The frequency of HSV changes in anal Pap smear is low (1.48%), but the presence of concomitant cytologic abnormalities is high (86%). While our findings suggest the possible role of HSV as a HPV co-factor in ASILs, larger studies are needed to support this. Identification of HSV infection on anal Pap smear is important for institution of patient treatment and subsequent reduction of transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The frequency of herpes simplex virus changes in anal Pap smear and its association with squamous intraepithelial lesions in high‐risk male patients

Greebon

Avery²,

Prihoda

et al. 2014

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…This has already been demonstrated in gynaecological cytology, where the move away from traditional smears to liquid-based cytology has resulted in a change in the diagnostic spectrum, with an increase in the detection of infections such as HSV. 5 This is predominantly due to the greater preservation of cytological features seen in liquid-based cytology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of viral inclusions results in a loss of chromatin pattern and the nuclei are seen to take on an empty homogenised or 'ground glass' appearance with a prominent nuclear membrane: these are known as Cowdry type B nuclei. 4,5 Later in the infective process, strongly eosinophilic inclusions develop in the nucleus known as Cowdry type A inclusions, which are often wedge-shaped or triangular and can appear refractile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytological recognition of herpes simplex virus infection in bronchoscopic samples from the respiratory tract

Wilkinson

Cuschieri²,

Monaghan³

et al. 2011

JRCPE

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Case Histories Patient oneAn elderly patient was admitted directly to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and sepsis. He was intubated and bronchial washings were obtained to investigate the underlying cause for the pneumonia. These were composed predominantly of neutrophils, macrophages and respira-tory epithelial cells with associated inflammatory debris. A population of scattered cells, some of which were multinucleated with nuclear clearing and occasional nuclear inclusions were identified, features highly suggestive of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection (Figure 1).Of the sample, 200 µl was subjected to nucleic acid extraction via the DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen Ltd, Crawley, UK). Briefly, this method involves enzymatic digestion using proteinase K and purification through silica columns. Deoxyribonucleic acid was eluted in 200 µl of molecular grade water and stored at -20ºC pending polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A multiplex PCR was performed on the nucleic acid extracts using the method described by Aurelius et al., 1,2 which identifies the GpD and GpG gene targets for HSV 1 and 2. Positivity was discerned by a band of the correct size being visualised via agarose gel electrophoresis -HSV 1 and 2 amplicon sizes being 101 nt and 145 nt respectively. The presence of HSV 1 was confirmed (Figure 2). Cytological recognition of herpes simplex virus infection in bronchoscopic samples from the respiratory tractaBstraCt Cytological features suggesting herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in samples obtained at bronchoscopy have been described only very rarely in routinely processed samples. We report four cases where evidence of HSV infection was identified morphologically in samples processed using thin-layer techniques, with polymerase chain reaction confirmation of the presence of virus in three cases. We suggest that the increased morphological clarity provided by this technique for processing these cytology samples may result in the morphological features of viral infection being seen more frequently. Pathologists reporting such samples need to be aware of this possibility in order to avoid potential misinterpretations. In addition, however, respiratory and intensive care physicians unused to receiving cytology reports indicating 'HSV infection' need to be aware that the significance is uncertain and in most cases it is likely to indicate the reactivation of a latent infection.

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“…Liquid‐based cytology medium samples can be used to preserve urine similarly to vaginal material for various tests including the successful identification of the Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma parvum, and Ureaplasma urealyticum , in female and male patients . Importantly, in house PCR molecular methods applied to the residual material from liquid‐based cytology medium have efficiently recognized Herpes simplex virus and Cytomegalovirus …”

Section: Applications In Gynecological Cytologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular diagnosis of infectious diseases using cytological specimens

Canberk

Longatto‐Filho

Schmitt³

2015

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Pathologists have an important role in the diagnosis of infectious disease (ID). In many cases, a definitive diagnosis can be made using cytopathology alone. However, several ancillary techniques can be used on cytological material to reach a specific diagnosis by identifying the causative agent and consequently defining the management of the patient. This review aims to present the effectiveness of the application of molecular studies on cytological material to diagnose IDs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the various molecular techniques according to the type of cytological specimen and the infectious agents.

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Accuracy of herpes simplex virus detection in liquid‐based (SurePath) Papanicolaou tests: A comparison with polymerase chain reaction

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

The frequency of herpes simplex virus changes in anal Pap smear and its association with squamous intraepithelial lesions in high‐risk male patients

The frequency of herpes simplex virus changes in anal Pap smear and its association with squamous intraepithelial lesions in high‐risk male patients

Cytological recognition of herpes simplex virus infection in bronchoscopic samples from the respiratory tract

Molecular diagnosis of infectious diseases using cytological specimens

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