“…The efficiency for density 1.000 kg L À1 corresponded to the efficiency for water. This decrease was also observed by Takiue et al (1996), who investigated the accuracy of Cherenkov measurements using a Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer. These authors observed that by adding small quantities of milk in water samples (0e4% of the mixed sample), the efficiency for the Cherenkov counting of 90 Sr/ 90 Y dropped from about 66% to 58%.…”
Section: The Influence Of Milk Density On 90 Sr/ 90 Y and 40 K Cherensupporting
“…The efficiency for density 1.000 kg L À1 corresponded to the efficiency for water. This decrease was also observed by Takiue et al (1996), who investigated the accuracy of Cherenkov measurements using a Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer. These authors observed that by adding small quantities of milk in water samples (0e4% of the mixed sample), the efficiency for the Cherenkov counting of 90 Sr/ 90 Y dropped from about 66% to 58%.…”
Section: The Influence Of Milk Density On 90 Sr/ 90 Y and 40 K Cherensupporting
“…As mentioned earlier, most of the Cherenkov radiation is produced by 90 Y, thus the 90 Sr activity was deduced from the measured activity based on secular equilibrium. Polyethylene vials were used, as it is generally accepted that they are superior to glass vials for Cerenkov counting (Takiue et al, 1996;L'Annunziata and Passo 2002). The vials volume was 20 ml.…”
“…However, Cherenkov radiation is emitted at a lower energy range (0-50 keV). The conventional functions of the 1220 QUANTULUS LSC using a Compton spectrum could not be applied to Cherenkov radiation detection due to the presence of low energy Compton electrons [10]. To derive an efficiency correction curve the same standard samples were measured.…”
Section: Efficiency and Sample Pre-treatmentmentioning
(32)P measurements of urine samples and internal dose assessments were conducted for workers in life science laboratories. A procedure for sample pre-treatment was established and validation was performed to exclude interference and to detect (32)P levels accurately. The detection conditions for Cherenkov radiation were evaluated and the accuracy of Cherenkov radiation measurements validated. The analytical and measurement procedures were applied to urine samples collected from 11 workers from life sciences laboratories. The results of the measurements generally indicated very low background radiation levels, but daily urine samples from two workers were above the minimum detectable activity. The (32)P concentrations for two of the workers were 29.3 ± 10.4 Bq•d(-1) and 24.1 ± 11.8 Bq•d(-1), respectively, at intake levels of 4.12 kBq and 2.61 kBq. The effective doses for these two workers were 4.6 μSv and 2.9 μSv. Overall, the results indicate very low levels of radioactivity, except for cases related to specific working conditions.
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