Accuracy of Cardiac Output Computers

Carey, Joseph S.; Williamson, Herbert; Scott, Calvin R.

doi:10.1097/00000658-197111000-00005

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Age, gender, weight and gallbladder volume are predictors in this study. This trend was also reflected in other studies when they were categorised into age groups [24] [30] [31] [32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

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Sonographic Diagnosis and Clinical Correlates of Gallbladder Stones in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease in Calabar, Nigeria

Inah

Ekanem

2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND:Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) causes chronic haemolysis which is a risk factor for cholelithiasis.AIM:To determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of cholelithiasis in SCD patients in steady state treated at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital.METHODS:This was a prospective study that took place at the Haematology and sickle cell disease clinics, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria between January and June 2018. The study population were aged between 1.5-5.5 years and confirmed to have SCD through haemoglobin electrophoresis. A brief history was obtained, and all the patients had a physical examination. Ultrasound examination was performed using a B-mode mind-ray ultrasound machine using a 3.5-5.0 MHz probe after an overnight fast. A Calculus is diagnosed when a highly echogenic structure casting a concrete shadow is detected in the lumen of the gallbladder.RESULTS:One hundred and twenty confirmed SCD patients aged between 1.5-55 years were recruited in the study, 69 (57.5%) were males, while 51 (42.5%) were females. The overall prevalence of cholelithiasis was 10%, and it increased with age. The youngest patient with cholelithiasis was 13 years old. All the patients were asymptomatic at the time of examination. At the multivariate level, age, gender, weight and gallbladder volume were associated with gallbladder stones.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of cholelithiasis in patients treated at the Sickle Cell Clinic at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar is fairly high. The patients were largely asymptomatic, and cholelithiasis is more common in females than males. This study showed a weak association between blood transfusion and gallbladder stone. It is recommended that routine abdominal ultrasound scan for gallbladder be done for SCD patients from the second decade of life in our environment.

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“…Age, gender, weight and gallbladder volume are predictors in this study. This trend was also reflected in other studies when they were categorised into age groups [24] [30] [31] [32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…This finding is the same as what has been reported by Barrett-Connor [30], Webb et al ., [23] and Attalla et al ., [22] where most their patients were asymptomatic. While Sarnaik [28], Cameron et al ., [32] Karayalcin [33], and Bond et al ., [24] reported that symptoms of typical biliary tract disease were common in patients with gallstones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%