Accuracy-Enhanced Angle-of-Arrival Finding System Using Switched Six-Port Network

Ultra-Wideband Six-Port Network Miniaturization—Matching

“…The real and the imaginary parts of the hyperbolic mean impedance in Equations ( 11), (12), and ( 13) can be calculated from the estimated (Fig. 6) Z low = R low +jX low and Z high = R high +jX high as [28]:…”

“…In the field of microwave measurement systems, SP has been classically used as an alternative reflectometer or network analyzer for measuring the reflection coefficient amplitude and phase of a device under test [1][2][3]. In the area of microwave transceivers, SP-based technologies include direct conversion receivers for implementing software-defined radios (SDR) [4,5], a direct conversion sensors for millimeter wave sensing applications [6,7], Internet of Things applications [8], direct modulator for high data rate modulation schemes such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) [9,10], and high precision interferometer for radio frequency (RF) source localization and range calculation RF front end [11][12][13]. Beyond the UWB operation, the key characteristics that make SP junctions attractive for the aforementioned applications is its multiband and multimode functionalities, low power consumption, and compatibility in digital domain [14].…”