Accuracy and reliability of Chile's National Air Quality Information System for measuring particulate matter: Beta attenuation monitoring issue

A, Richard Toro; Campos, Claudia; Molina, Carolina; S, Raúl G.E. Morales; Leiva-Guzmán, Manuel A.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2015.02.009

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Air quality monitoring has taken place in Santiago almost continuously since 1988, and in a standardized manner since mid-1997 when the first attainment plan was implemented (Gallardo et al, 2012a;Toro et al, 2015). These measurements were initially undertaken by the Ministry of Health, and since 2011 have been coordinated by the Ministry of the Environment.…”

Section: Air Quality Monitoring and Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of air quality in Santiago: The role of mobility and lessons from the science-policy interface

Gallardo

Barraza

Ceballos

et al. 2018

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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Worldwide, urbanization constitutes a major and growing driver of global change and a distinctive feature of the Anthropocene. Thus, urban development paths present opportunities for technological and societal transformations towards energy efficiency and decarbonization, with benefits for both greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollution mitigation. This requires a better understanding of the intertwined dynamics of urban energy and land use, emissions, demographics, governance, and societal and biophysical processes. In this study, we address several characteristics of urbanization in Santiago (33.5°S, 70.5°W, 500 m a.s.l.), the capital city of Chile. Specifically, we focus on the multiple links between mobility and air quality, describe the evolution of these two aspects over the past 30 years, and review the role scientific knowledge has played in policy-making. We show evidence of how technological measures (e.g., fuel quality, three-way catalytic converters, diesel particle filters) have been successful in decreasing coarse mode aerosol (PM10) concentrations in Santiago despite increasing urbanization (e.g., population, motorization, urban sprawl). However, we also show that such measures will likely be insufficient if behavioral changes do not achieve an increase in the use of public transportation. Our investigation seeks to inform urban development in the Anthropocene, and our results may be useful for other developing countries, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean where more than 80% of the population is urban.

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Section: Air Quality Monitoring and Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of air quality in Santiago: The role of mobility and lessons from the science-policy interface

Gallardo

Barraza

Ceballos

et al. 2018

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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“…There are various approaches and methods of splitting [1,2,7], for example, splitting into physical processes and splitting the space variables. This study used the splitting method which in the first stage includes a horizontal transfer and diffusion of impurities, and the second stage includes the convection and diffusion in the direction OZ axis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taking into account the existing experience in solving problems of atmospheric physics and considering the processes of moisture exchange and interaction of the atmosphere with a thermally inhomogeneous ground, it is better to take the model described by equations of hydrodynamics systems full of atmosphere in the non-adiabatic approximation as the basis. Among the active factors, first of all, there is the impact of air masses in a limited area on the background processes and the impact of anthropogenic sources -heat, moisture, various impurities and changes the dynamic, hydro and thermal characteristics of the earth's surface [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Environmental issues are now becoming a priority, in a view of the growing environmental degradation in many regions due to the presence and distribution of contaminants in the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the spread of harmful substances in the atmosphere at a variable velocity profile

2016

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This study developed a mathematical model for the dispersion and transportation of pollutants in the atmosphere. The problem associated with the spread of monodisperse passive tracer from an instantaneous point source in the atmosphere assuming a partial absorption of surface impurities is solved. One version of the computational algorithm and a theoretical justification, is that, the applicability of numerical methods for computational experiment is developed. These results are consistent with the physical laws of the section under consideration.

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“…Additionally, government-run monitoring stations are often situated in locations that may not reflect the representative concentrations of pollutants experienced by the general population, while focusing on a limited number of contaminants. Chilean academia has played an important role in the advancement of local knowledge in the last decade and has explored new dimensions of local air quality issues, including the evaluation of local government networks (Toro et al 2014(Toro et al , 2015Molina et al 2017), personal monitoring (Manzano et al 2019), biogenic compounds (Prendez et al 2013), and their social and economic implications (Boso et al 2018;Perez-Fargallo et al 2018;Reyes et al 2019). However, except for a couple of recent scientific reviews (Molina et al 2015;Gallardo et al 2018), there is a lack of systematization of the information produced by the stakeholders, which complicates the management and development of new strategies and research plans (Represa et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Air Quality Issues and Research Priorities Through the Lenses of Chilean Experts: An Ontological Analysis

Manzano

Jacóme

Syn

et al. 2020

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Air pollution problems can be large, complex, and ill-structured. They can vary from location to location and combine many complex components: urban expansion, increasing vehicles and industrial emissions, biomass burning, geographic and meteorological conditions, cultural aspects, and economic effects. However, the existing research, accumulated knowledge, and local research priorities are spread over many disciplines and lack a systematic mapping to help manage and develop new strategies for researchers and policy makers. Ontological analysis can be used as a tool to capture this complexity through simple natural-language descriptions and a structured terminology. We describe the development of an ontological framework for "Air Quality Management in Chile" and its application to evaluate the current state of the research. The process was based on focus groups and validated by a panel of multidisciplinary experts. We used the developed framework to highlight the topics that have been heavily emphasized, lightly emphasized, or overlooked in the Chilean research. The framework developed can help researchers, practitioners, and policy makers systematically navigate the domain and provide the opportunity to correct blind spots by enabling more informed hypotheses that deal with air quality issues at a national level. We believe that applying this same process to different countries will yield different results (due to differences in local knowledge and experience). The framework presented could be used to evaluate other important stakeholders (government, media, NGOs, etc.), which will provide a complete picture of how local societies deal with air quality issues at different levels. Additionally, local government institutions will benefit from this analysis by improving funding allocation and opening new research opportunities to improve the distribution of the local body of knowledge.

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Accuracy and reliability of Chile's National Air Quality Information System for measuring particulate matter: Beta attenuation monitoring issue

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Evolution of air quality in Santiago: The role of mobility and lessons from the science-policy interface

Evolution of air quality in Santiago: The role of mobility and lessons from the science-policy interface

Modeling the spread of harmful substances in the atmosphere at a variable velocity profile

Local Air Quality Issues and Research Priorities Through the Lenses of Chilean Experts: An Ontological Analysis

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