Accuracy and effectiveness of orthophotos obtained from low cost UASs video imagery for traffic accident scenes documentation

Pérez, Juan Antonio; Gonçalves, Gil; Rangel, José Manuel Galván; Ortega, Pedro Fuentes

doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2019.03.010

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The longer battery life, the ability to plan automatic flights with easy-to-use ground station software, and their small size are real advantages, and the structure from motion algorithms (SFM) allow accurate digital elevation models (DEM) and ortho-mosaic terrain models over large areas. Today UAVs are increasingly accessible and have widespread applications, such as in environmental monitoring systems for agroforestry, structural geology, archaeology, marine habitats, supervised hazards, and accidents [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], and recently also in monitoring ML on the coast [40][41][42][43][44] or that floating in rivers [45]. These studies are not uniform with regard to the data processing procedures, ranging from visual interpretation of images [42] and analysis of the spectral profile of litter [46], to the use of machine learning methods [43,44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Debris Survey in Coastal Areas: Long-Term Monitoring Programme to Study Spatial and Temporal Accumulation of the Dynamics of Beached Marine Litter

et al. 2020

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly accessible tools with widespread use as environmental monitoring systems. They can be used for anthropogenic marine debris survey, a recently growing research field. In fact, while the increasing efforts for offshore investigations lead to a considerable collection of data on this type of pollution in the open sea, there is still little knowledge of the materials deposited along the coasts and the mechanism that leads to their accumulation pattern. UAVs can be effective in bridging this gap by increasing the amount of data acquired to study coastal deposits, while also limiting the anthropogenic impact in protected areas. In this study, UAVs have been used to acquire geo-referenced RGB images in a selected zone of a protected marine area (the Migliarino, Massacciuccoli, and San Rossore park near Pisa, Italy), during a long-term (ten months) monitoring programme. A post processing system based on visual interpretation of the images allows the localization and identification of the anthropogenic marine debris within the scanned area, and the estimation of their spatial and temporal distribution in different zones of the beach. These results provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamics of accumulation over time, suggesting that our approach might be appropriate for monitoring and collecting such data in isolated, and especially in protected, areas with significant benefits for different types of stakeholders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Debris Survey in Coastal Areas: Long-Term Monitoring Programme to Study Spatial and Temporal Accumulation of the Dynamics of Beached Marine Litter

et al. 2020

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“…As a further upgrade of the radar imaging system, the possibility of using a gimbal, as suggested in [41,42], will be considered to achieve major flexibility in the data acquisition. If the image plane coincides with the plane where the target is located, i.e., D 0 , the target is reconstructed at the correct position.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a further upgrade of the radar imaging system, the possibility of using a gimbal, as suggested in [41,42], will be considered to achieve major flexibility in the data acquisition.…”

Section: True Target Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Multicopter-UAV-Based Radar Imaging: Performance Assessment for a Single Flight Track

et al. 2020

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This paper deals with a feasibility study assessing the reconstruction capabilities of a small Multicopter-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (M-UAV) based radar system, whose flight positions are determined by using the Carrier-Phase Differential GPS (CDGPS) technique. The paper describes the overall radar imaging system in terms of both hardware devices and data processing strategy for the case of a single flight track. The data processing is cast as the solution of an inverse scattering problem and is able to provide focused images of on surface targets. In particular, the reconstruction is approached through the adjoint of the functional operator linking the unknown contrast function to the scattered field data, which is computed by taking into account the actual flight positions provided by the CDGPS technique. For this inverse problem, we provide an analysis of the reconstruction capabilities by showing the effect of the radar parameters, the flight altitude and the spatial offset between target and flight path on the resolution limits. A measurement campaign is carried out to demonstrate the imaging capabilities in controlled conditions. Experimental results referred to two surveys performed on the same scene but at two different UAV altitudes verify the consistency of these results with the theoretical resolution analysis.Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 774 2 of 22 UAV-based radar imaging receives huge attention in several military and civilian applications, such as surveillance, security, diagnostics, monitoring in civil engineering, cultural heritage and earth observation, with particular emphasis on natural disasters, which should be safely and timely monitored [8]. At the state-of-the-art, radar imaging performed by M-UAVs has been proposed for precision farming [9], forest mapping [10] and glaciology [11]. In addition, M-UAVs have been exploited to perform Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), avoiding large platforms when monitoring small areas. In this frame, the first experimentation concerning interferometric P and X band SAR systems onboard UAV platforms has been reported in [12], while a UAV polarimetric SAR imaging system has been proposed in [13]. UAVs have been also exploited in the field of landmine detection as platforms equipped with Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) systems [14,15].Despite these promising examples, the development of radar systems onboard M-UAV is at an early stage and M-UAV radar imaging still represents a scientific challenge, especially when small and light M-UAV platforms are deployed. Indeed, the full exploitation of smart and flexible M-UAV imaging radar systems requires the development of reconstruction approaches able to deal with non-conventional data acquisition configurations, where data are not collected along a straight linear trajectory due to environmental conditions or presence of obstacles. In this respect, it is worth pointing out that radar imaging, i.e., the possibility to obtain a focused image of the investigated region, strongly depends on the accurate knowledge of platform po...

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“…Almost all of the studies/efforts are applied on a limited scale for testing and validation. Additionally, research efforts ( Liu et al, 2019b , Ardestani et al, 2016 , Raj et al, 2017 ; Pérez et al, 2019 ; Škorput et al, 2020 ) have proposed systems that are based on key modules such as: UAV flight planning and control Capturing video data from UAV on the accident site at various heights, angles Video data transfer mechanism to the ground station Image processing (rectification, mosaicking, 3D model generation and its optimization) System application and validation, Accuracy measurement framework. …”

Section: Road Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PSNR = 41.62. SSIM = 0.9475 (Indicate that quality is effective) Škorput et al (2020) Proposed method to use UAV photogrammetry to reconstruct traffic accident scene DJI Phantom 4 UAV, 3D and orthophoto computer models (No mention of specific package/algorithm) A simple accident scene for testing the method Error reported under −5% to +2% in several 3D model measurements from with real data Pérez et al (2019) Proposed method to use UAV photogrammetry to reconstruct traffic accident scene with a claim that it is low cost and simplified S500 Quadcopter, Gopro Hero 4 Black, Controller, GNSS Receiver, Ground control station, Monitor Agisoft Photoscan Pro along with manual tagging of 3 control points A simple accident scene for testing the method. Deployed at a height of 65 m Planimetric accuracy of 7.5 cm is obtained by using the ASPRS standard.…”

Section: Road Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in road safety, traffic and highway infrastructure management: Recent advances and challenges

Outay

Mengash

Adnan

2020

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

246

109

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For next-generation smart cities, small UAVs (also known as drones) are vital to incorporate in airspace for advancing the transportation systems. This paper presents a review of recent developments in relation to the application of UAVs in three major domains of transportation, namely; road safety, traffic monitoring and highway infrastructure management. Advances in computer vision algorithms to extract key features from UAV acquired videos and images are discussed along with the discussion on improvements made in traffic flow analysis methods, risk assessment and assistance in accident investigation and damage assessments for bridges and pavements. Additionally, barriers associated with the wide-scale deployment of UAVs technology are identified and countermeasures to overcome these barriers are discussed, along with their implications.

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Accuracy and effectiveness of orthophotos obtained from low cost UASs video imagery for traffic accident scenes documentation

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Debris Survey in Coastal Areas: Long-Term Monitoring Programme to Study Spatial and Temporal Accumulation of the Dynamics of Beached Marine Litter

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Debris Survey in Coastal Areas: Long-Term Monitoring Programme to Study Spatial and Temporal Accumulation of the Dynamics of Beached Marine Litter

Small Multicopter-UAV-Based Radar Imaging: Performance Assessment for a Single Flight Track

Applications of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in road safety, traffic and highway infrastructure management: Recent advances and challenges

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