Accumulation of plant antenna complexes is regulated by post-transcriptional mechanisms in tobacco.

Flachmann, Ralf; Kühlbrandt, Werner

doi:10.1105/tpc.7.2.149

Cited by 52 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The introduction of an antisense copy of Lhcb2.1 into Arabidopsis eliminated expression from the five Lhcb1 and three Lhcb2 genes – there was no effect on the Lhcb3 mRNA, which lacked the 22‐bp stretches of sequence identity to the antisense transgene believed to be necessary for RNAi suppression of gene expression (Hutvagner and Zamore, 2002). Previous attempts to abolish expression of LHC II in tobacco were also successful in markedly reducing mRNA levels for both Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 , but with little effect on protein levels (Flachmann and Kühlbrandt, 1995), leading to the suggestion that there is post‐transcriptional regulation of LHC II levels. It is interesting to note that we also identified an antisense line, which retained detectable quantities of Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 proteins despite having negligible levels of mRNA (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of the Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 proteins of the light‐harvesting complex of photosystem II – effects on photosynthesis, grana stacking and fitness

et al. 2003

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SummaryWe have constructed Arabidopsis thaliana plants that are virtually devoid of the major light-harvesting complex, LHC II. This was accomplished by introducing the Lhcb2.1 coding region in the antisense orientation into the genome by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 were absent, while Lhcb3, a protein present in LHC II associated with photosystem (PS) II, was retained. Plants had a pale green appearance and showed reduced chlorophyll content and an elevated chlorophyll a/b ratio. The content of PS II reaction centres was unchanged on a leaf area basis, but there was evidence for increases in the relative levels of other light harvesting proteins, notably CP26, associated with PS II, and Lhca4, associated with PS I. Electron microscopy showed the presence of grana. Photosynthetic rates at saturating irradiance were the same in wild-type and antisense plants, but there was a 10±15% reduction in quantum yield that re¯ected the decrease in light absorption by the leaf. The antisense plants were not able to perform state transitions, and their capacity for non-photochemical quenching was reduced. There was no difference in growth between wild-type and antisense plants under controlled climate conditions, but the antisense plants performed worse compared to the wild type in the ®eld, with decreases in seed production of up to 70%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of the Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 proteins of the light‐harvesting complex of photosystem II – effects on photosynthesis, grana stacking and fitness

et al. 2003

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“…not only from pools of immediate precursors or Conversely, antisense transgenic tobacco plants in chlorophylls transferred from other complexes, which LHCP II transcripts have been decreased to Raskin, Fleminger & Marder (1995) pulse-labelled almost undetectable levels make essentially normal barley leaves with [^*C]ALA and found that, over the amounts of properly integrated and functional LHC short term, the specific radioactivity of reaction (Flachmann & Kiihlbrandt, 1995). All in all, the centre chlorophyll was much lower than that of story is consistent: chlorophyll is necessary for thylakoids as a whole or of a grana-enriched fraction, stabilizing complexes against attack by proteases in On the other hand during a cold chase following a vivo and its rate of supply sets the pace for the rate ^*C feed, reaction centres lost label faster than did of appearance of functional, integrated light-harves-thylakoids and grana.…”

Section: Por Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll: a symptom and a regulator of plastid development

Thomas

1997

New Phytologist

103

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SUMMARY The metabolism of chlorophylls and related tetrapyrroles directly influences, and is influenced by, the proteins and cell structures with which they are associated. During net accumulation, de‐greening and at the steady state chlorophyll and its derivatives are important elements in the post‐translational regulation of the expression of genes for chloroplast proteins. At the same time, they represent potential photodynamic hazards against which green cells need to have protective mechanisms. This review deals with genetic, chemical and environmental perturbations of chlorophyll biosynthesis that impact on protein stability, membrane organization and susceptibility to photodamage. NADPH‐protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase is considered in detail as a pigment– protein regulating, and regulated by, chlorophyll metabolism. The question of the extent and significance of chlorophyll turnover at the steady state is addressed, with particular emphasis on the dynamics of the photosystem II reaction centre. The pathway of chlorophyll catabolism is described, along with its interrelationship with protein mobilization in chloroplast senescence. Finally, the structural basis of pigment‐protein interaction and stability is examined, and the discussion ends by expressing some general thoughts about the control of protein lifetimes in the living cell.

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“…It has been suggested that the chlorophyll cycle directly participates in the formation and degradation of light-harvesting complexes (LHCs). The amount of LHCII is related to CAO activity; the LHC is stabilized by chlorophyll b (Terao and Katoh, 1989) and regulated by post-transcriptional mechanisms (Flachmann and Kuhlbrandt, 1995). The conversion of chlorophyll b to 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a catalyzed by CBR is the first step in the degradation of LHCII (Horie et al, 2009); therefore, LHCII is not degraded in the chlorophyll b reductase mutant (nyc1) (Kusaba et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of the NON‐YELLOW COLORING 1 protein of the chlorophyll cycle requires chlorophyll b in Arabidopsis thaliana

Jia

Itô

et al. 2015

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYChlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are interconverted in the chlorophyll cycle. The initial step in the conversion of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a is catalyzed by the chlorophyll b reductases NON-YELLOW COLORING 1 (NYC1) and NYC1-like (NOL), which convert chlorophyll b to 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a. This step is also the first stage in the degradation of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex (LHC). In this study, we examined the effect of chlorophyll b on the level of NYC1. NYC1 mRNA and NYC1 protein were in low abundance in green leaves, but their levels increased in response to dark-induced senescence. When the level of chlorophyll b was enhanced by the introduction of a truncated chlorophyllide a oxygenase gene and the leaves were incubated in the dark, the amount of NYC1 was greatly increased compared with that of the wild type; however, the amount of NYC1 mRNA was the same as in the wild type. In contrast, NYC1 did not accumulate in the mutant without chlorophyll b, even though the NYC1 mRNA level was high after incubation in the dark. Quantification of the LHC protein showed no strong correlation between the levels of NYC1 and LHC proteins. However, the level of chlorophyll fluorescence of the dark adapted plant (F o ) was closely related to the accumulation of NYC1, suggesting that the NYC1 level is related to the energetically uncoupled LHC. These results and previous reports on the degradation of chlorophyllide a oxygenase suggest that the a feedforward and feedback network is included in chlorophyll cycle.

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Accumulation of plant antenna complexes is regulated by post-transcriptional mechanisms in tobacco.

Cited by 52 publications

References 41 publications

Absence of the Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 proteins of the light‐harvesting complex of photosystem II – effects on photosynthesis, grana stacking and fitness

Absence of the Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 proteins of the light‐harvesting complex of photosystem II – effects on photosynthesis, grana stacking and fitness

Chlorophyll: a symptom and a regulator of plastid development

Accumulation of the NON‐YELLOW COLORING 1 protein of the chlorophyll cycle requires chlorophyll b in Arabidopsis thaliana

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